1. Acute bacterial meningitis in infants and children
Student: RAD LORENA EMILIA
Coordinator: Dr. Grama Alina

2. What is bacterial meningitis?
Bacterial meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges associated with the invasion of bacteria into the subarachnoid space. The inflammatory process also affects the brain parenchyma and the ventricles.
MEDICAL EMERGENCY !

4. Purpose of the study Number of cases
The most common meningeal pathogens
Onset of bacterial meningitis
Age group affected
Days of hospitalization
Survival rate

5. Methods Retrospective study on 19 patients
children diagnosed with acute bacterial meningitis and acute meningoencephalities
Aged < 16 years
Five year period
Admitted to the Paediatrics Clinic (I) of Targu-Mures

6. Results: A total of 19 patients were identified in 5 years
There were 47% female and 53% male
Diagnosis
Number of cases
Acute bacterial meningitis
9 (47%)
Acute meningoencephalities
10 (53%)

7. Year distribution of bacterial meningitis
Years

8. The age distribution of meningitis

9. Causative organisms
The five years survival rate : 78,94% ( 15/19 children)
4 deaths ( 21,05%)

10. Onset of bacterial meningitis in infants
Results:
Convulsions – 74%
Refusing food, vomiting – 68%
Fever – 58%
Bulging fontanelle: 42%
Drowsy, unresponsive – 37%
Unusual cry – 26%
Petechiae - 10%
Hypothermia – 5%

11. Signs of meningeal irritation:
Neck stiffness : 5 cases
Brudzinski`s and Kernig`s signs : 1 case
In children are not specific

12. Diagnosis
Lumbar puncture : results found in 16 cases

13. Lumbar puncture results
CSF
CASES
PERCENTAGE
Pandy reaction + 10
53%
Low glicorahy 6
31%
High proteinorahy 7
37%
Pleiocytosis 14
74%
The CSF WBC count, glucose and protein concentrations remained abnormal for several days after initiating appropriate antibiotic therapy.
In 1 case the lumbar puncture was delayed because of increased intracranial pressure, a major contraindication.

14. How many days of hospitalization for an acute bacterial meningitis?
Average
19,47 days
Maximum
66 days
Minimum
1 day

15. Complications and associated diseases
Anemia
13 (68%)
Seizures
8 (42%)
Sepsis
7 (37%)
Acute deshidratation syndrom
4 (21%)
Cerebral edema
2 (10%)
Hypotonic syndrom
Encephalopathy
Ventriculomegaly
1 (5%)
Meningococcemy

16. Conclusions
The factors of organism, age group and year significantly affected incidence, but the sex did not.
From 4 deaths, 2 were infected with MTB
Age group affected mostly: < 3 months
Although it does not affect a large number of infants and children, it kills or permanently damages at least 1/5 of those affected.

17. Thank you!