1. THOMAS JEFFERSON April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826 Here is buried Thomas Jefferson, Author of the Declaration of Independence, of the Statute of Virginia for religious freedom, and the Father of the University of Virginia What is missing? WHY?

2. THOMAS JEFFERSON AND THE EXPANDING NATION

3. Who is Thomas Jefferson? EEducated – College of William and Mary DDrafted Declaration of Independence SSecretary of State under President George Washington VVice President under John Adams EElected President of the U.S. in 1800 until 1809

4. How does Jefferson Change the Presidency and the United States? BBelieved in simplifying government - Walked to his inauguration - Wore work clothes and slippers to greet guests GGoal: Shrink government influence (reduce central power) HOW? - Reduced the size of the army - Froze the expansion of the navy - Lowered costs of government functions - Supported free trade without the influence of the government

5. Jefferson and the Louisiana Territory TThe French Revolution enables Napoleon Bonaparte to rule France BBonaparte forces Spain to return the Louisiana Territory to France DDreams of a European empire cause Napoleon to sell territory JJefferson questions constitutionality of the purchase SSenate ratifies treaty and U.S. purchases Louisiana - Doubles the size of the U.S. for $15 million - Roughly, four cents an acre

6. Lewis and Clark JJefferson asks Congress to grant $2500 to explore the territory EEnlists his secretary, Meriwether Lewis to head the journey MMay 14, 1804 – September 23, 1806

7. The Unnecessary War War of 1812 WWar hawks call for war against Britain. WHY? - Impressment - Embargo Act of 1807 - Battle of Tippecanoe – Gen. William Henry Harrison defeats the N.A. Confederacy (Chief Tecumseh) * Harrison becomes a national hero * N.A. fighting with British arms * John C. Calhoun of S.C. & Henry Clay (KY) lead “war hawks” battle cry “On to Canada?” CCongress declares war in 1812 - Democratic-Republican James Madison elected in 1808 – calls for war - Key – “Star Spangled Banner” as U.S. defeat the British at Ft. McHenry - Battle of New Orleans * British casualties: 2000 * American casualties: 21 * Andrew Jackson - victorious, after war has ended

8. Star Spangled Banner Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn’s early light, What so proudly we hail’d at the twilight’s last gleaming? Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thro’ the perilous fight, O’er the ramparts we watch’d, were so gallantly streaming? And the rockets’ red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof thro’ the night that our flag was still there. O say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

9. Treaty of Ghent SSigned on Christmas Eve, 1814 RRe-opens trade between the U.S. and Britain IIgnores issues of impressment and shipping rights DDoes not resolve internal tension in the U.S.

10. Results of War of 1812 SSecond war for independence IIncreases feelings of nationalism BBeginning of the end of the Federalist Party AAndrew Jackson becomes a national hero