1. Earth’s Interior Earth Science PowerPoint By Mr. Whitmyer

2. Exploring Inside Earth Scientists can not get a clear picture of the center of the earth due to the extreme conditions, both heat and pressure, below the crust of the earth.

3. Exploring Inside Earth Geologists have used two main types of evidence to learn about the earth’s interior: Direct evidence from rock samples and indirect evidence from seismic waves

4. Exploring Inside Earth Scientists have drilled as much as 12km into the earths crust. This is about 5 miles. This allows samples of rocks from deep in the earth to be studied

5. Exploring Inside Earth Seismic waves Vibrations that travel through the earth released during earthquakes We use the speed and the path of the seismic waves

6. A Journey to the Center of the Earth The three main layers of the earth are the crust, the mantle and the core These areas are different in the areas of: Size Composition Pressure

7. A Journey to the Center of the Earth Temperature Change The temperature gets warmer the further you go into the earth This is a result of the formation of earth and radioactivity

8. A Journey to the Center of the Earth Pressure Results form a force pressing on an area The deeper you go the higher the pressure gets much like a swimming pool

9. The Crust Crust The layer of rock that forms earths outer skin Includes: Rocks ·Soil Mountains ·Water

10. The Crust The crust is thickest under high mountains and thinnest under the oceans The crust is typically 5 to 40 km thick but can be up to 70 km thick under mountains

11. The Crust The oceanic crust is mostly Basalt which is a dark igneous rock with a fine texture

12. The Crust Continental crust is mostly granite which is light colored and has a coarse texture

13. The Mantle Mantle A layer of solid material made of very hot rock

14. The Mantle Earths mantle is made up of rock that is very hot but solid. Scientists divide the mantle into layers based on characteristics of those layers. The mantle is about 3000 km thick.

15. The mantle Lithosphere The upper most part of the mantle and the crust together

16. The Mantle Asthenosphere This layer is soft like road tar and can bend like plastic but is still a solid. Asthenes Means Weak

17. The Mantle The lower Mantle A solid layer that extends to the earths core

18. The Core The core is made mostly of the metals Iron and nickel. It consists of two parts a liquid outer core and a solid inner core

19. The Core Outer Core A layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core. It is liquid even though it is under great pressure. It is mostly made of Iron and Nickel.

20. The Core Inner Core A dense ball of solid metal, mostly Iron and nickel. It is solid due to extreme pressure pushing the metal atoms together. Extremely dense