2. The Cold War: Super Powers Face Off How did former allies become enemies after WWII?

3. Eastern Europe 1945: Despite promising free elections, Stalin installs communist “satellite states” in Eastern Europe Stalin wants a buffer zone and creates a Soviet sphere of influence called the Eastern Bloc Countries include: 2. Poland 3. Czechoslovakia 4. Hungary 5. Romania 6. Bulgaria 8. Yugoslavia (Communist Only ) 7. Albania 1. E. Germany (1949)

4. 1946: Truman tells Stalin he has violated the Yalta Agreement, Stalin still refuses elections & Cold War rhetoric heats up In a speech Stalin states “Communism & Capitalism cannot coexist” At a Missouri speech, Churchill describes an “Iron Curtain” that divides Europe US Diplomat George Kennan writes an article stating how the US must “contain” the spread of Communism President Truman adopts a “containment” foreign policy US will support those who reject Communism (Truman Doctrine) US will give money to non-communist countries using the Marshall Plan = Even though Yugoslavia is Communist, by 1948 their leader Josip Tito splits with Stalin & are no longer a satellite state

5. The Marshall Plan (Page 534/ next slide) 1.What three countries get the most aid from the Marshall Plan? 2.Which of these are former allies, which were enemies? 3.Which “Eastern Bloc Communist” country gets money? 4.Why do you think they get money? 5.Will the Marshall plan make the Cold War worse? Why/ why not? Use the political cartoon to help decide.

7. The United Nations (UN) United Nations formed in June 1945 to replace League of Nations Designed to protect member nations, nations pledge troops to UN First body: all members get vote in General Assembly Permanent members have veto power (US, Britain, Soviet Union, France, China) Second Body: Eleven members vote in Security Council (5 permanent, 6 rotate) Security council’s job is to prevent war but has power to use armed forces if needed US donates land in NYC for UN