1. AP World History Continuity and Change Over Time Essay

2. What is the CCOT Essay? An essay discussing characteristics that changed and stayed the same in a given region between two time periods. An essay discussing characteristics that changed and stayed the same in a given region between two time periods. Comparison essay, but across time rather than region. Comparison essay, but across time rather than region. Know the required tasks & how they’re scored the rubric. Know the required tasks & how they’re scored the rubric.

3. What is the CCOT Essay? The CCOT deals specifically with analysis of continuities and changes over time covering at least one of the periods in the course outline. The CCOT deals specifically with analysis of continuities and changes over time covering at least one of the periods in the course outline. For example, it might address technology, trade, culture, migrations, or environment. For example, it might address technology, trade, culture, migrations, or environment. The CCOT question requires analysis of process and explanation of the cause with specific examples. The CCOT question requires analysis of process and explanation of the cause with specific examples.

4. The Purpose To evaluate your ability to analyze historical changes and continuities that have shaped events, social, political, economic developments in history and ability to gauge your analysis of global processes. To evaluate your ability to analyze historical changes and continuities that have shaped events, social, political, economic developments in history and ability to gauge your analysis of global processes.

5. What you need to do. Change Change Recognize it as it occurs in history. Recognize it as it occurs in history. Identify & Understand the causes of change. Identify & Understand the causes of change. Continuity Continuity Recognize factors which remain the same throughout an entire period. Recognize factors which remain the same throughout an entire period. Identify and understand factors which allow this to continue. Identify and understand factors which allow this to continue.

6. The “Change” Must discuss (utilizing concrete detail) and analyze changes that occurred relevant to the questions. Must discuss (utilizing concrete detail) and analyze changes that occurred relevant to the questions. And, of course, correct information. And, of course, correct information. If the questions discusses specific terms, such as social and political, you need to focus on political and social changes. If the questions discusses specific terms, such as social and political, you need to focus on political and social changes. If the questions is more vague, you need to think of aspects to base your analysis on. If the questions is more vague, you need to think of aspects to base your analysis on.

7. Common Triggers for Change Consider that change happens unevenly in places and overtime. Consider that change happens unevenly in places and overtime. Often speeding up & slowing down. Often speeding up & slowing down. Are there steps to the change? Are there steps to the change? Intermediate points between the beginning & end of period are important. Intermediate points between the beginning & end of period are important.

8. Good and Bad Changes You must identify the change and make it clear why that change occurred. You must identify the change and make it clear why that change occurred. Bad: Bad: Prior to 1948 the Jewish people had no homeland. In 1948, Israel was established. Prior to 1948 the Jewish people had no homeland. In 1948, Israel was established. Good: Good: In the Early 20th century, few people saw a need for the establishment of an independent Jewish state. However, once the world realized the massive genocide of Jews that took place during World War II, support for the establishment of Israel began to grow. In the Early 20th century, few people saw a need for the establishment of an independent Jewish state. However, once the world realized the massive genocide of Jews that took place during World War II, support for the establishment of Israel began to grow.

9. The “Continuity” The questions also asks you to address continuities, generally these are patterns or cultural tendencies that remain stagnant for years and years. The questions also asks you to address continuities, generally these are patterns or cultural tendencies that remain stagnant for years and years. For example: Think of the role of women, religions, philosophies, or conflict between the social classes. For example: Think of the role of women, religions, philosophies, or conflict between the social classes. It very important to remember that you need to have concrete details to back up your continuity. It very important to remember that you need to have concrete details to back up your continuity.

10. THESIS template (use it or not, the choice is yours) During the time period, _______________ changed from ___________ to ________ because________ (reason why). However, _______________(continuity) remained the same because____________.

11. Fundamentals of the CCOT Essay Thesis should define areas of change and areas of continuity. Thesis should define areas of change and areas of continuity. Establish time period boundaries & address entire period. Establish time period boundaries & address entire period. This can be done in two sentences. This can be done in two sentences. Address both continuity and change! Address both continuity and change! Everyone forgets to do continuity. Everyone forgets to do continuity. Analyze the cause of changes. Analyze the cause of changes. Discuss “global context”. Discuss “global context”. Connect to world processes and change. Connect to world processes and change.

12. How to Answer the CCOT Essay Approach #1 – Direct Basis body paragraph around the changes and continuities you identify. Basis body paragraph around the changes and continuities you identify. 1. Claim sentence 2. Baseline 3. Cause of change or context 4. Evidence Early, middle, late Early, middle, late 5. Summary of change. Status at end of period & significance Status at end of period & significance

13. How to Answer the CCOT Essay Approach #2 – Narrative Describe the flow of history from beginning of period to end w/embedded changes/continuities. Describe the flow of history from beginning of period to end w/embedded changes/continuities. Bases body paragraphs around sub-periods. Bases body paragraphs around sub-periods. 1. CLAIM: Introduce topic and assert analysis 2. Context: warrant 3. Characteristics, events, & processes that change/stay the same 4. Cause of changes seen in period & significance

14. Historical Context Remember that changes and continuities in a particular region do not happen in a vacuum. Remember that changes and continuities in a particular region do not happen in a vacuum. Use varying scope. Use varying scope. Global trends vs. regional vs. local Global trends vs. regional vs. local Don’t be afraid to note exceptions to a trend. Don’t be afraid to note exceptions to a trend.

15. Words to express change/continuity:

16. Problems observed in student responses:  misuse of evidence by placing events in the wrong time period  making reference to global processes happening over a vague period of time without any anchoring dates  create lists of information rather than well-structured arguments