1. TOPIC: Chapter 2, Section 2
The Quran and
Islamic Empire

2. Sub topic #1 (left side of paper) What is the Quran (Koran)?
Notes (right side of paper)
The Quran is the holy book of the religion of Islam
Muhammad’s followers wrote down the messages he received from Allah the Islamic god.
They believe the Quran is god’s written word

4. Sub topic #2 (left side of paper) What does the Quran say?
Notes (right side of paper)
Islam has only one god, Allah
It instructs people how to live
Muslims should:
-be honest
-treat others fairly
-honor their parents
-give to the poor
-fulfill the Five Pillars of Faith

5. Sub topic #2 (left side of paper) What does the Quran say?
Notes (right side of paper)
1. Belief
2. Prayer
3. Charity
4. Fasting
5. Pilgrimage
Muslims cannot: murder, lie, steal, drink alcohol, eat pork, or gamble

7. The first 4 caliphs after Muhammad were related to him
Sub topic #3 (left side of paper) Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups?
Notes (right side of paper)
When Muhammad died a new leader was chosen. This person is called a caliph: leader of the Islamic Empire
The first 4 caliphs after Muhammad were related to him
The Umayyad caliphs came after the first four.

8. The Umayyad caliphs helped to make the empire larger
Sub topic #3 (left side of paper) Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups?
Notes (right side of paper)
The Umayyad caliphs helped to make the empire larger
Their capital city was Damascus, Syria
The Islamic state became a great empire

10. The Abbasids came after the Umayyads
Sub topic #3 (left side of paper) Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups?
Notes (right side of paper)
The Abbasids came after the Umayyads
They built a new capital in Baghdad
They were focused on the arts, trade and education

12. Muslims argued about who should be a caliph Two groups emerged
Sub topic #3 (left side of paper) Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups?
Notes (right side of paper)
Muslims argued about who should be a caliph
Two groups emerged
-Shiites: believe caliphs should be
related to Muhammad
-Sunnis: believe anyone could be
caliph

13. The Seljuk Turks-(warriors and nomads) took over the empire
Sub topic #3 (left side of paper) Who were the main caliphs and ruling groups?
Notes (right side of paper)
The Seljuk Turks-(warriors and nomads)
took over the empire
They called their leader a sultan
When Mongols (attackers from the East) burned the city down, the Islamic Empire ended.

14. The language of Arabic spread all over the empire
Sub topic #4 (left side of paper) How did the Islamic Empire Expand over time?
Notes (right side of paper)
Muslims thought that fighting in the name of Islam would send them to paradise
The language of Arabic spread all over the empire
Sufis spent their time teaching others about Islam

16. Merchants spread Islam to the places they traveled, such as Indonesia.
Sub topic #4 (left side of paper) How did Islamic Empire expand over time?
Notes (right side of paper)
Merchants spread Islam to the places they traveled, such as Indonesia.
The African city of Timbuktu had many Muslims after merchants came there.
Muslims also spread to Spain. Islam’s great philosophers came from there