1. 0 National Inter-Ministerial Dialogue on Climate Change Cape Hotel, Monrovia 24 - 26 June, 2009 Agriculture Sector Wollor E. Topor

2. 1 Why agriculture is a key sector? >20% of GDP AGRICULTURE contributes >70% of the active labor force FOREIGN INVESTMENT (i.e.) US$ 150M - BRE US$ 800M - Sime Darby US$ 30M - ADA RECEIPTS IN FOREIGN CURRENCY US$ 184.1M (of which 170.9M is from rubber) LONG TERM ECONOMIC GROWTH 3.6% annually Quantification & monetization of impacts US$431M by 2017 (poor nutrition) BRE = Buchanan Renewable Energy ADA = Foundation for African Development Aid Commercial

3. 2 Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture MAJOR PHYSICAL IMPACTS OF CC ON AGRICULTURE “Quiet Drought” Increased Temperature ↑ heat stress to crops & livestock ↑ evaporation & transpiration rate ↓ soil moisture levels Erratic rainfall patterns affect optimum use of water for both plants and animals Land Degradation ↑ soil erosion ↑ flood risks SOCIO- ECONOMIC IMPACTS DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS Unavailability of food Instability of food supplies Inaccessibility to food Improper food utilization Increase in food prices Increased urbanization Acute & chronic malnutrition Unproductive population Political instability

4. 3 FOOD INSECURITY ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVE Plundering of natural resources Unclear tenure rights Inappropriate land use Water shortage Soil erosion SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE Inadequate knowledge Traditional values Poor nutrition Poor extension services Weak institutions ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE Decrease in production Decrease in income Limited employment Increase poverty POOR LIVING STANDARD Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture can be viewed at contributes to can lead to Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture

5. 4 Proposed adaptation options Principal adaptation options Water management Intensification & diversification of farming practices Slowing down deforestation Adoption of new farming techniques & technology improved tilling techniques increasing drought- resistant crop varieties Agroforestry/ Intercropping Diversification of crops Different crop rotation Improve efficiency of water use & management for crop production

6. 5 Key issues for assessing I&FF for sector DATA AVAILABILITY - There is little or no data available regarding I & FF PROPOSED METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH - There is a need to strengthen information assessment as means of addressing I & FF Environmental Analysis with specific reference to CC impact on agriculture Profile of Capabilities Profile of Opportunity Value Assessment Capability Assessment Matching Establishment of Investment Opportunity Profile Sense of Priorities (People’s Participation, Adaptation Measures) Project Rationalization Pre-Preparation of Project Concept Paper for Financing Secure Financing for PFS Pre- Preparation Actual Preparation 3 N 3 2 1 i.e. Project #3 as 1 st Priority Fig. 1. Framework of Planning Pre-Investment & Financial Flow

7. 6 Recommendations for conducting assessment of I&FF for agriculture sector EPA (Coordinating Agency) Agriculture Learning Institutions (i.e. UL) Line Agencies (i.e. MOA, ML & E, FDA, etc.) International Community (i.e. World Bank, UNDP, etc.) Civil Society (i.e. Green Advocate, SDI, etc.) POTENTIAL FUNDING SOURCES GOL World Bank UNDP CI FFI

8. 7