1. Fluorescence Imaging with One Nanometer Accuracy (1.5 nm, 1-500 msec) Site-Directed Mutagenesis to Isolate and Mutate DNA (for FIONA)

2. Kinesin: 0, 16.6 nm or 8.3, 8.3 nm Myosin V: 0, 74 nm or 37, 37 nm Kinesin Myosin V Myosin V (Kinesin): Hand-over-hand or Inchworm?

3. From Protein to Mutated Protein PCR Introns/Exons must be handled Anneal DNA— use ligase

4. Make copies (extend primers) 5’ 3’ Add primers (anneal) 5’ 3’ 5’ Forward primer Reverse primer DNA Amplification with the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

5. Ligase: How to combine two DNAs together

6. Site-directed mutagenesis (Modifying protein to make Cys-light, e.g.) Here, changing just one amino acid– can in-fact change many amino-acids at one time.