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Published byTodd Harmon Modified over 9 years ago
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By: Kelsie
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Cycladic culture- a group of about 200 islands east of the Greek mainland. The Cyclades made a living by fishing and trading. After about 2000 B.C. the Cyclades followed customs from more powerful cultures. The Minoan culture began in 2700 B.C. in Crete. They began as an agricultural society. The Minoans built a large building called Knossos. Knossos covered an area as large as about three football fields. Kelsie Anderson - History
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The settlement at Mycenae started in about 1900 B.C. The Mycenaean culture spread throughout the Aegean region. The Minoan and Mycenaean cultures adapted each others ways. The Trojans- Started at the city of Troy, the Trojan culture began in 2900 B.C. The Mycenaean culture built a huge hollow horse and hid inside it. The Trojans then accepted it at a peace offering. Then, the Mycenaeans defeated the Trojans. Kelsie Anderson - History
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Mycenaea n Weapons Minoan Map Trojan Horse
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City-states were formed when people from neighboring villages to protect each other. Most of the groups built forts on hilltops, called an acropolis. The people of the city-states shared an ancestor, Hellen. The called themselves Hellenes and their country Hellas. The Greeks called people who couldn’t speak Greek barbarians. Kelsie Anderson - History
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Athens was a city-state and located on Attica. After the Dark Age, the Athens ruled by an aristocracy. The Athenians struggled for control of a city-state. The Athenians asked their leader, Solon, to make changes so he can end their struggles. He divided them into classes based on wealth. Sparta was also a city-state, located on the Peloponnesians Peninsula. Only men in the ruling class were considered citizens of Sparta. Sparta had a citizen assembly where they voted on laws, but didn’t suggest them. Kelsie Anderson - History
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Athen Flag Greek Writing Spartan War Acropolis
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The Greek city-states fought over land and trade. A common enemy was Persia. Persia built a huge empire including Assyria, Babylonia, Egypt, and the Greek city-states. When a battle was won, a messenger ran from Marathon to Athens to tell about the victory. Athletes re-create this by running a marathon. The Greeks defeated the Persians many times even though the Persians outnumbered the Greeks. Pericles led the Athenians for most of the Athenian rule. In 460 B.C. Pericles was elected leader for the Athens. In 457 B.C. Pericles allowed every male citizen to hold any position in the government office. Kelsie Anderson - History
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Sophocles wrote tragedies, serious plays with sad endings. Aristophanes wrote comedies, or plays that are funny. When the Golden Age was going on, scientists studied human life and nature. Soldiers were sent to Egypt so Pericles could make Athens the school of Greece. This started the Peloponnesian war. A disease spread throughout the city when Pericles called all people from the countryside to the city. Finally, the Athens surrendered to Sparta. Kelsie Anderson - History
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Philosophers also means “lovers of wisdom.” Socrates called himself “gadfly” because he used criticism to get them into thinking about the best way to live life. This annoyed the leaders of Athens and Socrates was ordered to drink poison. Socrates drank the poison because he believed that it was important to obey the law. Kelsie Anderson - History
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Alexander The Great was born in 356 B.C. in Macedonia. His mother’s name was Olympias, she was also Greek. Alexander’s teacher was Aristotle. At age 16, Alexander fought in the army. At age 18, Alexander commanded the cavalry Two years later, Philip died and Alexander became king. Kelsie Anderson - History
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In 334 B.C. Alexander defeated the Persians. King Gordius tied a knot to his chariot and stated if anyone untied the knot would rule Asia. Alexander cut Gordius’s knot and was crowned king. Alexander and his army also conquered Tyre in 332 B.C. Alexander was pharaoh of Egypt after freeing them from the Persian rule. Next, Alexander captured Babylon and Persepolis. Kelsie Anderson - History
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Alexander led his army into Bactria and married a princess, Roxane. Alexander wanted to lead his army into northern Africa. Alexander died shortly before his 33 rd birthday of an illness. After his death, the empire began to break into separate parts. Kelsie Anderson - History
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Many of the cultures Alexander’s army conquered began to speak and write in Greek. Alexander built many cities before his death. Many of Alexander’s cities were named Alexandria. In Alexandria, Egypt a library contained more than 500,000 scrolls of papyrus. In the museum, scholars exchanged ideas. Kelsie Anderson - History
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