1. UKOLN is supported by: Library hacks Andy Powell, UKOLN, University of Bath a.powell@ukoln.ac.uk Public Library Web Managers Workshop 2004, Bath www.bath.ac.uk a centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk

2. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 20042 This talk isnt about…

3. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 20043 …and its not about

4. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 20044 OReilly hacks series O'Reilly's Hacks Series reclaims the term hacking for the good guysinnovators who explore and experiment, unearth shortcuts, create useful tools, and come up with fun things to try on their own. O'Reilly's Hacks Series reclaims the term hacking for the good guysinnovators who explore and experiment, unearth shortcuts, create useful tools, and come up with fun things to try on their own.

5. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 20045 Library hacks encouraging public library Web sites as places to hack and be hacked… pulling other peoples sites and services into the library Web site pushing the library Web site and services out into other peoples sites interoperability openness standards hack our libraries hack public libraries now

6. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 20046 Contents searching… –Web services –…and the Google and Amazon APIs deep linking –OpenURL a selection of case studies as we go impact on public library Web sites whistle-stop tour technical – but not too technical I hope

7. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 20047 Z39.50 and all that… libraries have a long tradition of creating and using open standards notably Z39.50 – search and retrieve end-users machine library catalogue search request results

8. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 20048 Z39.50 and all that… libraries have a long tradition of setting and using open standards notably Z39.50 – search and retrieve library catalogue 2 library catalogue 1 library catalogue 3 end-users machine

9. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 20049 Libraries at the cutting edge? Z39.50 offers a powerful distributed search mechanism targets (catalogues) potentially open to use from outside the library …not just through a Web browser but in a way that allowed people to write their own search software academic libraries now see growing interest in library portals that use Z39.50 (and other technologies) to cross-search many remote targets

10. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200410 if catalogue search fails… try a cross-search of multiple catalogues in the region

11. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200411

12. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200412

13. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200413 But… …the rest of the world didnt implement Z39.50 in fact, much of the library world still doesnt support it –too hard to develop software –too complex to configure target –focus of interest shifted to the Web site meanwhile, on other part of the planet –the Web world recognised that focussing on the Web browser wasnt always enough –developed Web services

14. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200414 What are Web services? Automated resources accessed via the Internet. Web services are software-powered resources or functional components whose capabilities can be accessed at an internet URI. Standards-based web services use XML to interact with each other… The term Web services describes a standardized way of integrating Web- based applications using the XML, SOAP, WSDL and UDDI open standards over an Internet protocol backbone. XML is used to tag the data, SOAP is used to transfer the data, WSDL is used for describing the services available and UDDI is used for listing what services are available. Used primarily as a means for businesses to communicate with each other and with clients, Web services allow organizations to communicate data without intimate knowledge of each other's IT systems …

15. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200415 Web services - summary machine (m2m) interfaces between functional components on the Web underpin many e-commerce activities a whole new set of acronyms – SOAP, WSDL, UDDI, WSRP based on HTTP and XML (i.e. mainstream Web pedigree) support both informational (e.g. search) and transactional (e.g. billing) types of service Google and Amazon Web APIs…

16. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200416 Google and Amazon APIs Google and Amazon both make some of their functionality available thru APIs API = Application Programming Interface Web services using SOAP to use them you must –register –agree to their terms and conditions –be prepared to program dynamic Web pages (using Java, ASP, Perl, etc.) http://www.google.com/apis/ http://www.amazon.com/apis/

17. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200417 What do the APIs offer? Google –perform searches and get back results (XML) –get cached-copy of page –spell-check (did you mean?) Amazon –title searches (all products, not just books) –ISBN searches –author searches –transaction creation (shopping carts) –transaction monitoring –(note: book results include metadata with cover image)

18. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200418 Example: RDN/Google spell

19. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200419 Libraries, Google & Amazon new cross-searching possibilities… mixing SOAP (Web services) and Z39.50 end-user library catalogue Google Amazon SOAP Z39.50

20. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200420 Libraries, Google & Amazon new cross-searching possibilities… or using new SRW (Search and Retrieve Web service) protocol end-user library catalogue Google Amazon SOAP SRW (SOAP)

21. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200421 Embedded into library site? end-user library catalogue Google Amazon SOAP RDN SOAP

22. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200422 Linking and OpenURLs

23. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200423 OpenURL roots the context –distributed information environment –multiple A&I and other discovery services –rapidly growing e-journal collection –need to interlink available resources the problem –links controlled by external info services –links not sensitive to users context (appropriate copy problem) –links dependent on vendor agreements –links dont cover complete collection an academic library perspective?

24. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200424 The problem the context –distributed information environment –multiple A&I and other discovery services –rapidly growing e-journal collection –need to interlink available resources the REAL problem –libraries have no say in linking –libraries losing core part of organising information task –expensive collection not used optimally –users not well served an academic library perspective?

25. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200425 The solution… do NOT hardwire a link to a single service on the referenced item (e.g. a link from an A&I service to the corresponding full-text) BUT rather –provide a link that transports metadata about the referenced item –to another service that is better placed to provide service links OpenURL OpenURL resolver (link server)

26. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200426 Non-OpenURL linking link destination resolution of metadata into a link (typically a URL) A&I service document delivery service link source link to referenced work. reference

27. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200427 OpenURL linking link source. user-specific resolution of metadata & identifiers into services reference OpenURL resolver provision of OpenURL link destination link destination link destination link destination transportation of metadata & identifiers context-sensitive A&I service document delivery service

28. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200428 Example 1 journal article from Web of Science to ingenta Journals

29. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200429 button indicating OpenURL link is available

30. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200430 OpenURL resolver offering context-sensitive links, including link to ingenta

31. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200431

32. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200432 also links to other services such as Google search for related information

33. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200433

34. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200434 Example 2 book from University of Bath OPAC to Amazon

35. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200435 button indicating OpenURL link is available

36. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200436 OpenURL resolver offering context-sensitive links, including link to Amazon

37. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200437

38. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200438 also links to other services such as Google search for related information

39. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200439

40. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200440 Summary… ISI Web of Science University of Bath OPAC OpenURL resolver ingenta Google Amazon OpenURL Source OpenURL Resolver OpenURL Target deep links

41. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200441 Is this relevant to PLs? It's probably safe to predict that, within another year/acquisition cycle or so, *lack* of OpenURL support will be the exception for any academic library/consortium that licenses full- text resources (that is, OpenURL support will be the rule), and there will be growing penetration of OpenURL resolvers within public libraries that license full-text resources. It's probably safe to predict that, within another year/acquisition cycle or so, *lack* of OpenURL support will be the exception for any academic library/consortium that licenses full- text resources (that is, OpenURL support will be the rule), and there will be growing penetration of OpenURL resolvers within public libraries that license full-text resources. Walt Crawford, RLG

42. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200442 OpenURL & PLs A&I services University library catalogues OpenURL resolver Public library catalogues Google Amazon Document supply services

43. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200443 Case study 1 Stories from the Web a childrens book-related Web site deep linking to public library catalogue http://www.storiesfromtheweb.org/

44. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200444 potential link to book in public library catalogue (or Amazon) link to more info potential link to author search in public library catalogue (or Amazon) note: SfW subscription by library authority so some knowledge about where to link to

45. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200445 potential for pulling in metadata and cover art via Amazon API …and for making into link to Amazon or PL catalogue

46. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200446 Case study 2 a book group deep linking into library catalogues from a book group Web page

47. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200447 link to Amazon … potential link to book in public library catalogue

48. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200448 Case study 3 LibraryLookup deep linking into library catalogues using a browser bookmarklet

49. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200449 http://weblog.infoworld.com/udell/stories/2002/12/11/librarylookup.html select link to find nearest library catalogue

50. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200450 drag this link to your browser toolbar

51. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200451 note that the ISBN is embedded into the URL click bookmarklet to link to library catalogue

52. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200452

53. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200453

54. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200454 Case study 4 blogs, books and libraries deep linking into library catalogues from a book-related blog

55. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200455 many blogs contain references to favorite books or current reading material … typically with links thru to Amazon

56. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200456 the Bookwatch service analyses hundreds of blogs and counts links to particular books at Amazon, based on the ISBN … then provides ranked lists, pulling in book metadata and cover art using the Amazon Web services

57. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200457 Deep linking into libraries all these case studies demonstrate a potential desire to deep link into the library catalogue using http: URL links typically based on the ISBN for a book (or the ISSN for a serial?) but… all are faced with the same link problem… –a hardwired link to one particular library or bookstore may not be the best link for everyone who clicks on the URL –therefore, OpenURLs might be a good solution

58. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200458 Does deep linking work?

59. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200459 Hmmm… not always http://www.foursite.so merset.gov.uk/cgi- bin/viewpoint_server.s h?enqtype=SECOND&enqpa ra1=RESULT&rcn=0002180 472&media_code=1&sec_c ode=&authorlist=&filen ame=&page=&no_of_resul ts=14&type=ISBN&sec_st ng=&media_stng=&author page=&subsearch=&searc htype=&hitcount=

60. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200460 Conclusions having a successful Web presence is about more than having a successful Web site need to embed your services into other peoples sites the key technologies for doing this are: –Web services (SOAP) –blogs and RSS (not talked about today) –deep linking –OpenURL

61. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200461 Recommendations public library Web sites need to embed and be embedded the space where books and catalogues meet blogs (and RSS) and search engines appears to be very fertile – public libraries need to be in that space or users will go elsewhere maintain a watching brief on OpenURLs and their potential impact

62. Public Library Web Managers Workshop, 200462 Questions?