1. FRACTIONS
Equivalence
Simplifying
Ordering
Arithmetic
Fraction of

2. Equivalent Fractions Fractions are made up of two parts
A top number and a bottom number
Although fractions may look different they can have the same value

3. Equivalent Fractions
If we multiply the top number and the bottom number by the same amount the value of the fractions does not change

4. Simplifying or Cancelling Down
If we divide top and bottom numbers by the same amount we do not change the value of the fraction
Dividing to create fractions with smaller number makes the fraction simpler

5. Ordering Fractions
As with all number we need to be able to order and compare fractions
We can do this using equivalent fractions
If fractions have the same bottom number then the fraction with larger top number is bigger

6. Comparing Fractions Fractions with different bottom numbers
Find the LCM of both bottom numbers
Find the equivalent fraction with the LCM as bottom number

7. Top Heavy Fractions Some fractions are larger than 1
This occurs when the top number is bigger than the bottom number
We sometimes need to change to a mixed fraction
DIVIDE OUT and place REMAINDER over BOTTOM NUMBER

8. Top Heavy Fractions
We can also change mixed fractions into top heavy fractions

9. Adding/Subtracting Fractions
Adding or subtracting fractions with the same bottom number
Just add / subtract the top numbers

10. Adding / Subtracting fractions
Adding or Subtracting fractions with different bottom numbers
We need to change to equivalent fractions and then add / subtract
Some are straight forward

11. Adding / Subtracting Fractions
UPSIDE DOWN IRONING BOARD

12. Adding / Subtracting fractions
Use the bottom number of one fraction to change the other fraction

13. Multiplying Fractions
Multiplying is easier
Multiply the top numbers and multiply the bottom numbers
Simplify if necessary

14. Dividing Fractions Dividing by a fraction
Step 1 Flip the second fraction i.e the fraction you are dividing by
Step 2 Multiply

15. Mixed fractions arithmetic
There are many ways to attempt this
The method that always works is to change the fractions into top heavy fractions
Proceed as for ‘normal’ fractions

16. Finding Unitary Fractions of
Unitary fractions are fractions with one as the top number
To find a unitary fraction of an amount just divide by the bottom number

17. Divide by the bottom number
Finding Fractions of
Divide by the bottom number
Multiply by the top
The order is up to you
We want to find two fifths of £350
Method 1
We want to find two fifths of £350
Method 2