1. BMT Salvage Ltd. 1 Bursting of Boilers and Breakage of Shafts IUMI – Singapore Conference September 2004 John Lillie Managing Director The Salvage Association

2. BMT Salvage Ltd. 2 Early machinery damage Causes of early machinery damage: –Boundaries of 19 th Century materials technology. –Increasing pressure in boilers and power in engines. –When the tail shafts broke, vessels sank. –When boilers burst people died, vessels often sank too. –Rudder loss was a frequent cause of vessels foundering. When was machinery added to hull?

3. BMT Salvage Ltd. 3 Typical Modern Slow Speed Engine

4. BMT Salvage Ltd. 4 Steam Turbine Engine

5. BMT Salvage Ltd. 5 Rapid change in recent times Larger engines Cheapest fuel Drive for efficiency Reduction of ship’s staff Reduction of skills

6. BMT Salvage Ltd. 6 Particular Average Losses By Number By Cost

7. BMT Salvage Ltd. 7 PA Numbers by Claim Range

8. BMT Salvage Ltd. 8 Engine Room Casualties – Number Basis

9. BMT Salvage Ltd. 9 Engine Room Casualties – Cost Basis

10. BMT Salvage Ltd. 10 ER Machinery PA Losses By Number & Cost

11. BMT Salvage Ltd. 11 Dismantling a Main Engine

12. BMT Salvage Ltd. 12 Access cut in ship’s side to remove engine parts

13. BMT Salvage Ltd. 13 Temperature comparison between two engine exhaust pipes

14. BMT Salvage Ltd. 14 Remote temperature measurement

15. BMT Salvage Ltd. 15 What can happen when engines breakdown