1. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 Emissions and Modeling Volker Matthias and WP5 members

2. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 Tasks Monitoring and simulation of pollutant generation and spread – create an updated emission inventory Translate emissions into concentrations by numerical modeling Show case: modeling and simulation of air quality in a harbour region Development of an implementation strategy for clean shipping technology

3. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 3 Vessel movement data Route Time spent in grid box Basic vessel data Emission factor [g/kWh] Ship emissions per grid box Chemical transport modeling Deposition and concentration distribution Land based emissions Year of construction Engine type Fuel type Power Departure and arrival places and dates for a complete year Ship Emissions … Available at HZG Ship emissions inventory

4. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 Available inventories: Helmholtz-Zentrum: year 2000 +23 % NOx from ships NOx in summer

5. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 Available inventories: more recent: DCMR year 2008 Based on AIS data Number and type of ships in 13 ship and 8 size classes Observations in 6 min intervals Individual ship characteristics from a ship data base Grid resolution: 0.5 x 0.5 km 2, 5 x 5 km 2 Emission factors from literature (TNO)

6. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 Emission map (DCMR inventory) NOx in January

7. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 Revision of emission factors Dependence on engine type speed type of operations fuel type abatement technologies Very important in harbour regions (manoeuvring) Calculation of variable emission factors: U Newcastle

8. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 Measurements aboard ships (GL) Three ship types: Cruise ship, container ship, feeder Species: NO x, CO, CO 2, SO 2, Hydrocarbons Different operation modes: Manoeuvring, slow speed, normal speed Different engines and fuels: Main and aux. engines, marine diesel and heavy fuel oil

9. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 Concentration maps – sea going ships Results for 2000 by HZG

10. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 NOx share in the Rijnmond area by DCMR

11. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 Show cases Application of model systems from HZG and DCMR in 2-4 regions First priority: Rotterdam, Hamburg Second priority: Bergen, Gothenburg Comparison to observations of concentrations necessary

12. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 Emission Scenarios What-if-questions Reduction of emissions and concentrations due to the implementation of: Onshore power supply Use of LNG SECA (0.1 %S) NECA Abatement technologies (e.g. SCR) Changes in ship operations (e.g. slow steaming) …

13. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 Implementation Which measures will give the highest benefit in air quality improvements? Which measures have a good cost/benefit ratio? Which measures have a good chance to be implemented? What can be done to support the implementation of efficient ways to reduce air pollution?

14. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 Summary Detailed ship emission inventories are available for the North Sea and the Rijnmond area A new inventory will be built up to cover other regions Emission factors will be updated and checked by on-board observations Show case regions are defined, air quality observations are collected Scenarios are defined in cooperation with WP3 and WP4

15. CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011 Lead beneficiary