1. ARMY AIRSPACE COMMAND AND CONTROL (A2C2)1

2. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE
AS A MEMBER OF THE COMBINED ARMS TEAM PLAN AIRSPACE CONTROL PROCEDURES AND TECHNIQUES TO SUPPORT COMBAT OPERATIONS IN ACCORDANCE WITH (IAW)
FM AND FM 2

3. A2C2 DEFINITION UTILIZES DELIBERATE PLANNING AND EXECUTION OF TASKS.
COORDINATES THE EFFICIENT EMPLOYMENT OF AIRSPACE USERS TO ACCOMPLISH THE GROUND CDR’S MISSION
UTILIZES DELIBERATE PLANNING AND EXECUTION OF TASKS.
EMPHASIZES:
STANDARDIZATION
MINIMAL RESTRICTIONS
CLOSE AND CONTINUOUS COORDINATION 3

4. MAXIMIZE THE COMBAT EFFECTIVENESS OF
A2C2 OBJECTIVE
MAXIMIZE THE COMBAT EFFECTIVENESS OF
ALL AIRSPACE USERS. 4

5. A2C2 FUNCTIONS
COORDINATION
INTEGRATION
REGULATION
IDENTIFICATION 5

6. A2C2 BASIC TASKS AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL COMBAT OPERATIONS CONTROL
AIR DEFENSE
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
COMBAT OPERATIONS CONTROL
FIRE SUPPORT COORDINATION 6

7. AIR FORCE INTERFACE NORMALLY, AIRSPACE WITHIN THEATER
AND THE RULES GOVERNING ITS USE ARE
CONTROLLED BY THE AIR FORCE
THE TACTICAL AIR COMPONENT COMMANDER IS THE PROMINENT FIGURE FOR THEATER AIRSPACE MANAGEMENT 7

8. TACTICAL AIR COMPONENT COMMANDER
USUALLY DESIGNATED BY THE JFC
THREE SIGNIFICANT RESPONSIBILITIES:
TACTICAL AIR FORCE COMMANDER
AREA AIR DEFENSE COMMANDER
AIRSPACE CONTROL AUTHORITY 8

9. TACTICAL AIR CONTROL CENTER (TACC)
THE AIR FORCE’S HIGHEST COMMAND POST
WHERE THE ACC EXECUTES FUNCTIONS
SUBORDINATE ELEMENTS CONTRIBUTING TO A2C2 ARE :
- AIRSPACE CONTROL CENTER
- BATTLEFIELD COORDINATION ELEMENT - AIRSPACE MANAGEMENT LIAISON SECTION (AMLS) 9

10. CORPS AND DIVISION A2C2 ELEMENTS
LOCATED WITHIN THE COMMAND POST AT
EACH TACTICAL ECHELON
DETERMINES HOW CDR’S AIRSPACE
NEEDS CAN BE MET
PROVIDES VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
CHANNELS FOR INFORMATION AND
REQUIREMENTS 12

11. CORPS AND DIVISION A2C2 ELEMENTS
THE A2C2 ELEMENTS OF THE CORPS/DIVISION
ARE STAFFED WITH THE FOLLOWING (TOE)
POSITIONS:
- G3 AIR G2/CEWI
- ADA OFFICER G4 REP (AS REQUIRED)
- AVIATION OFFICER RPV CDR/LO (AS REQUIRED)
- AIR FORCE (ALO) FSO
- ANGLICO REP (AS REQUIRED) - ARMY ATS
G3/S3 AIR IS IN CHARGE OF THE A2C2 ELEMENT 11

12. DIVISION A2C2 ELEMENT DIVISION A2C2 ELEMENT G3 OPERATIONS SECTION REP
ADA ELEMENT REP
AVIATION ELEMENT REP
FIRE SUPPORT ELEMENT REP
TACP REP
ATS LO
G2 CM&D REP
ANGLICO REP *
RPV LO *
G4 REP *
* AS REQUIRED
A2C2 ELEMENT G3
AIR G2
CEWI
ADA
AVN
ATS
FSO
ALO
PLAN
CELL
TAC CP
REAR CP
OPS
CELL
DIVISION
A2C2 INTERFACE
INTL
CELL
CORPS
A2C2
DIVISION
A2C2 ELEMENT
ATS FCC
CSS
CELL
S-3 AIR
FSO FS
CELL
ALO
TACP
AVN REP
ADA REP 13

13. AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
(CONTROL AND REPORTING CENTER)
CRC IS THE FOCAL POINT OF AIR TRAFFIC
MANAGEMENT AND AIR DEFENSE WITHIN THE
THEATER
CRC IS USUALLY DELEGATED AUTHORITY TO
ISSUE AIR DEFENSE WARNINGS:
RED: ATTACK IMMINENT OR IN PROGRESS
YELLOW: ATTACK PROBABLE
WHITE: ATTACK NOT PROBABLE 10

14. ARMY ATS COMMZ: ONE ATS COMPANY WITH TWO
PLATOONS. PROVIDES TERMINAL ATC
SERVICES
CORPS: ONE ATS BATTALION IS PLACED IN
DIRECT SUPPORT OF EACH U.S. CORPS
DIVISION: ONE ATS COMPANY IS IN SUPPORT 29

15. (DIVISIONAL COMPANY ATS ASSETS)
ARMY ATS
(DIVISIONAL COMPANY ATS ASSETS)
TACTICAL TEAM (TAC TEAM): PROVIDES MOBILE NAVAID TO BRIGADE AREA (FULLY OPERATIONAL IN MINUTES)
TOWER TEAM: PROVIDES TERMINAL ATS SERVICES AND SUPPORT TO DIVISION AIRFIELD 30

16. (DIVISIONAL COMPANY ATS ASSETS)
ARMY ATS
(DIVISIONAL COMPANY ATS ASSETS)
GROUND CONTROLLED APPROACH (GCA) TEAM: PROVIDES RADAR APPROACH CONTROL SERVICES AND SUPPORT.
FLIGHT CONTROL CENTER (FCC):
PROVIDES 24 HOUR ENROUTE ATS SERVICE AND SUPPORT
CO-LOCATED OR ELECTRONICALLY LINKED TO DIV A2C2 ELEMENT 31

17. ADA WEAPON CONTROL STATUS
WEAPONS FREE: ENGAGE ALL AIRCRAFT NOT POSITIVELY IDENTIFIED AS FRIENDLY
WEAPONS TIGHT: ENGAGE ALL AIRCRAFT
POSITIVELY IDENTIFIED AS HOSTILE.
WEAPONS HOLD: ENGAGE AIRCRAFT ONLY
IN SELF DEFENSE OR IN RESPONSE TO A FORMAL
ORDER.

18. HOW IS CONTROL MAINTAINED ?16

19. METHODS OF COMMAND AND CONTROL POSITIVE CONTROL: REQUIRES THE USE OF
ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT (I.E. RADAR, IFF,
AND COMMUNICATIONS)
PROCEDURAL CONTROL: AIRSPACE
ACCOMPLISHED BY NON ELECTRONIC MEANS:
- ORDERS - OVERLAYS
- SOP’S - A2C2 CONTROL
MEASURES OR
RESTRICTIONS 17

20. AIRSPACE CONTROL MEASURES
VARIETY OF JOINTLY APPROVED PROCEDURAL CONTROL MEASURES ARE AVAILABLE TO COMMANDER
EACH MAJOR AIRSPACE USER HAS INTERNAL PROCEDURAL MEASURES
TO SELECT NECESSARY PROCEDURAL MEASURE, AIRSPACE MANAGER MUST DETERMINE THE FOLLOWING: 18

21. AIRSPACE CONTROL MEASURES
(SELECTION CRITERIA)
WHAT THE MEASURE MUST ACCOMPLISH ?
WHO THE MEASURE WILL OR MUST EFFECT ?
HOW THE MEASURE WILL SUPPORT THE
CONCEPT OF THE OPERATIONS ?
WHAT ARE THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE
MEASURE ? 18

22. AIRSPACE CONTROL MEASURES
(FUNCTIONS)
RESERVE AIRSPACE FOR THE SPECIFIC
AIRSPACE USERS
RESTRICT THE ACTION OF AIRSPACE USERS
CONTROL THE ACTIONS OF AIRSPACE USERS 19

23. AIRSPACE CONTROL MEASURES? ? ? ? 20

24. COORDINATING ALTITUDE
PROCEDURAL METHOD DESIGNED TO SEPARATE FW AND RW ACFT
DOES NOT RESTRICT ACFT IN AIRSPACE ABOVE OR BELOW COORDINATING ALTITUDE
MOST CASES: DIFFERS (I.E FT FOR FW AND 100 FT FOR RW) CREATING A “ BUFFER ZONE “ BETWEEN THE TWO ALTITUDES. 21

25. MINIMUM RISK ROUTES (MRR) ROUTES RECOMMENDED BY THE CORPS CDR
TO MINIMIZE HAZARD TO FRIENDLY ACFT TRANSITING TO A SPECIFIC AREA
BEGINS AT THE CORPS REAR BOUNDARY AND ENDS AT THE FSCL.
AVOIDS AREAS OF HIGH AIRSPACE USE FOR OTHER MISSIONS OR AREAS OF GND COMBAT. 22

26. LOW-LEVEL TRANSIT ROUTES (LLTR)
FOR USE BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE AIRCRAFT
DEFINED DIMENSIONS PASS THROUGH AREAS OF ORGANIC AND SURFACE FORCES
DEVELOPED BY THE ACC
SHOULD BE CHANGED FREQUENTLY TO PREVENT COMPROMISE TO ENEMY FORCES. 23

27. STANDARD USE ARMY AIRCRAFT FLIGHT ROUTES (SAAFR)
ESTABLISHED BELOW THE COORDINATING
ALTITUDE TO FACILITATE THE MOVEMENT OF
ARMY AVIATION ASSETS
NORMALLY LOCATED IN THE CORPS THROUGH
BRIGADE REAR AREA OF OPERATIONS
JOINTLY RECOGNIZED ROUTES WHICH DO NOT
REQUIRE JOINT APPROVAL 24

28. AIRSPACE RESTRICTED AREA (ROA/ROZ)
TERMS ROA AND ROZ ARE SYNONYMOUS
DEVELOPED FOR A SPECIFIC MISSION UNTIL END OF TIME SPECIFIED
ACTIVATED FOR DROP ZONES, SEARCH AND RESCUE OPS, ADA WEAPON FREE ZONES, ETC.
CONTROLLING AUTHORITY IS THE REQUESTING COMMANDER 25

29. HIGH DENSITY AIRSPACE CONTROL ZONE (HIDACZ)
PURPOSE: REQUESTED BY MANEUVER CDR TO RESERVE AIRSPACE AND CONTROL WHO HAS ACCESS TO THE ZONE
ALLOWS CDR TO RESTRICT AIRSPACE FROM USERS NOT INVOLVED WITH OPERATION
USUALLY LOCATED ALONG THE FLOT
NO ACFT CAN TRANSIT WITHOUT APPROVAL 26

30. ARMY SPECIFIC PROCEDURAL CONTROL MEASURES27

31. ARMY PROCEDURAL CONTROL MEASURES
AIR CORRIDOR
AIR CONTROL POINT (ACP)
COMMUNICATIONS CHECKPOINT (CCP)
FIRE SUPPORT COORDINATION MEASURES
AIR DEFENSE CONTROL MEASURES
ARMY AVIATION CONTROL MEASURES 28

32. QUESTIONS 32