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THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC MATERIAL ON THE Y CHROMOSOME AND ITS ROLE IN GENDER DETERMINATION Sam Taylor and Lauren Russell Biology 101H Dr. Jean DeSaix Dr.

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Presentation on theme: "THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC MATERIAL ON THE Y CHROMOSOME AND ITS ROLE IN GENDER DETERMINATION Sam Taylor and Lauren Russell Biology 101H Dr. Jean DeSaix Dr."— Presentation transcript:

1 THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC MATERIAL ON THE Y CHROMOSOME AND ITS ROLE IN GENDER DETERMINATION Sam Taylor and Lauren Russell Biology 101H Dr. Jean DeSaix Dr. Moriah Beck April 15, 2009

2 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlOAnL9xI74

3 S EX D ETERMINATION Women are XX Men are XY Primary vs. Secondary sex characteristics

4 E VOLUTION OF Y CHROMOSOME

5 E VOLUTION OF Y AND SRY

6 SRY AND SOX’S (SOX9 AND SOX3)

7 SRY ENABLES SOX9 EXPRESSION

8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5yia5MmDXF w

9 XX M ALE S EX R EVERSAL S YNDROME Human genetic disorder characterized by male physical characteristics and XX chromosomal karyotype In case study, tested to determine why self- identified male is infertile and has undescended testicles Gel electrophoresis compared subject’s DNA with normal male and normal female DNA

10 SRS P ATIENT N ORMAL M ALE

11 XX S EX R EVERSAL S YNDROME C ASE S TUDY C ONCLUSION This subject’s SRS syndromes caused by translocation of father’s SRY gene from Y to X chromosome during meiosis Confirmed SRY is required for physical male characteristics to be expressed Strengthened hypothesis that SRY silences SOX3 and enhances SOX9 on male X chromosomes

12 B IBLIOGRAPHY Delbridge, M. L. & Marshall Graves, J. A. (1999). Mammalian Y Chromosome Evolution and the male-specific functions of Y chromosome-borne genes. Journals of Reproduction and Fertility, 4 (2), 101-109. Waters, P. D., Wallis, M. C., & Marshall Graves, J. A. (2007). Mammalian sex-Origin and evolution of the Y Chromosome and SRY. Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, 18 (3), 389-400. Schartl, M. (2004). Sex Chromosome evolution in non-mammalian vertebrates. Current Opinion in Genetics and Development, 14 (6), 634-641. Wang, T., Liu, J. H., Yang, J., Chen, J. & Ye, Z. Q.(2009). XX Male Sex Reversal Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Genetic Basis. First International Journal of Andrology: Andrologia, 41 (1), 59-62. Campbell, Neil A. and Reece, Jane B. (2008). Biology (Eighth Edition). New York, NY: Pearson Benjamin Cummings. Pearson Education. secondary sex character. (2009). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved March 23, 2009, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/531812/secondary-sex-characterhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/531812/secondary-sex-character


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