1. Pacific Team Winter Quarter Presentation AMaria Zapata, Georgia Tech, Atlanta EAmir Kavousian, Stanford U, Stanford Xin.Zheng Lu, Tsinghua U, Beijing CKarthik Jayachandran, Stanford U, Stanford Anton Sjöberg, KTH, Stockholm Owners Hans Verhey & Nick Arenson Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

2. Site SF State University Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Wind Sunlight. Sunrise - Mild temperature whole year round, fog 100 ft N VIEWS Sunset

3. Site Potential Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Energy Saving Daylight/Ventilation Thermal comfort Views

4. Weather Data Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

5. Driving Ideas San Francisco Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Enlightment > discovery Science and technology Learning environments

6. Pacific Team Projects Features Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Footprint Access Key spaces: Auditorium, atrium Roof Shape Ventilation/daylight

7. Project 1: Wave Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Inspired site unique features

8. Wave Level 1 -3ft Elevator/Stairs Circulation Restroom Classrooms Lounge area Auditorium 10ft 76 38 32 40 76

9. Wave Level 2 +8ft 10ft Elevator/Stairs Circulation Restroom Classrooms Administration Auditorium Student Offices 76 38 76 22 15

10. Wave Level 3 +19ft 10ft Elevator/Stairs Circulation Restroom Lounge Area Faculty Area Large classrooms 76 50 58 38

11. Wave Cross Section 1 Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

12. Wave Cross Section 2 Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

13. Wave Cross Section 3 Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

14. Wave Atrium Structure Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

15. Wave Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

16. Wave Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

17. Wave Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

18. Project 2: Hi-Tech Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Technology/innovation Light Simple shape

19. Hi-Tech Level 1 -3ft Elevator/Stairs Circulation Restroom Stud Sp/Classroom Mech. Room Student Offices Auditorium 10ft 40 100 30

20. Hi-Tech Level 2 +8ft 10ft Elevator/Stairs Circulation Restroom Classroom Faculty Offices Student Offices Lounge Area 45 100 30 38 46 38

21. Hi-Tech Level 3 19ft Elevator/Stairs Circulation Restroom Classroom Faculty Offices Student Offices Administration 10ft 45 100 30 38 2030

22. Hi-Tech Cross Section 1 Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 11

23. Hi-Tech Cross Section 2 Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

24. Hi-Tech Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

25. Hi-Tech Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

26. Loading Live Loads Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 ItemMagnitudeUnit Roof (green roof)80Psf Roof (non-green roof)50Psf Class Rooms40Psf Auditorium, Terrace100Psf Office60Psf Roof (flat)20Psf Storage100Psf Corridors80Psf Lobby, Atrium60Psf

27. Loading Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Earthquake <5km from San Andreas fault Seismic Zone: Z=4 Occupancy Category: 4 Importance Factor: I=1 Seismic Source Type: A ETABS Spectrum function for UBC 97 Soil Soil Bearing Capacity: 3500 psf Soil Type: Sd Soft Soil Profile Liquefaction: YES Wind 70 mph wind speed Exposure: B Interstory Drift: 1” (UBC)

28. Wave - Steel Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

29. Wave - Steel Structural System & Load Path Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Composite Floor (3” Steel Deck, 3” Concrete Cover) EBF in both direction (HSS8x8x1/8) Cantilever beams (W24x146) Strip Footing Columns (W14x162) Shear Connections

30. Wave - Steel Braces & Sloped Floors Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Sloped Floors EBF Bays Rationale for choosing EBF over MRF: 1- Lower costs 2- Better lateral resisting performance High possibility of torsion  Put more braces in exterior bays.

31. Wave -Steel Columns First Floor Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 22’ 18’ 22’4”15’8” 16’ 21’8” 20’11” 10’ 6’8” 15’10” 22’10” 12 ’ 25’

32. Wave - Steel Columns Second Floor Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 22’18’22’4”15’8”16’21’8” 20’11” 10’ 15’10” 22’10” 12’ 25’

33. Wave - Steel Columns Third Floor Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 22’18’22’4”15’8”16’21’8” 20’11” 10’ 15’10” 22’10” 12’ 25’

34. Wave - Concrete Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

35. Wave - Concrete Structural System Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Concrete Slab Floor (5” thick) Shear Walls in both Directions (1’ thick) Sloped Floors Sloped Beams Concrete Columns: 20”x20” Concrete Beams: 15”x24”

36. Wave - Concrete Load Path Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Strip Footing Two-way concrete slab Columns Rationale for choosing shear walls in both directions: 1- High performance 2- Savings in the overall amount of concrete due to reduced sizes of other elements (beams and columns)

37. Wave - Concrete Shear Walls & Columns Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 20’16’22’16’ 22’ 21’ 10’6” 16’ 23’ 12’ 25’

38. Wave - Concrete First Floor Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 20’16’22’16’ 22’ 21’ 10’6” 16’ 23’ 12’ 25’

39. Wave Concrete Second Floor Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 20’16’22’16’ 22’ 21’ 10’6” 16’ 23’ 12’ 25’

40. Wave Concrete Third Floor Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 20’16’22’16’ 22’ 21’ 10’6” 16’ 23’ 12’ 25’

41. Hi-Tech - Steel Load Path Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 3” steel deck; 3” concrete cover Beams: W24x146 Columns: W14x131 Shear Connections

42. Hi-Tech - Steel First Floor Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

43. Hi-Tech - Steel Second Floor Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

44. Hi-Tech - Steel Third Floor Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Columns in cantilever area sit on beams underneath  design special beams

45. Hi-Tech - Concrete Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

46. Hi-Tech - Concrete Structural System & Load Path Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Concrete Floor Slab (5” thick) Concrete Shear Walls in both directions (1’ thick) Strip Footing Concrete Columns: 20”x20” RC Sections Concrete Beams: 15”x24” RC Sections

47. Hi-Tech - Concrete Columns & Shear Walls 1 st fl. Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 18’6”19’22’5”40’ 13’8” 16’4” 30’ Prestressed Beams (in all stories) Some beams failed when designed with mild steel; so we decided to prestress those beams.

48. Hi-Tech - Concrete Columns & Shear Walls 2 nd fl Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

49. Hi-Tech - Concrete Columns & Shear Walls 3 rd fl Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

50. Foundation Beams Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 We chose strip footing for all options to decrease concrete usage. (low risk of liquefaction, relatively good soil, relatively low axial forces in columns) (Dimensions in mm)

51. MEP Technology Options Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 chilled beam ceiling fan displacement radiant ceiling

52. MEP Design Options Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 steel concrete steel

53. LEED Points Checklist Targeted Credits Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 LEED for New Construction v2.2 35 Points LEED Silver

54. Labor Local Conditions Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Union Job 5 day work weeks 8 hr shifts 6 th day if necessarry Holidays – double Labor rates- RS Means

55. Reuse – 2015 Strategies Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Concrete from old building. Crushed concrete reused as aggregate for concrete floors. Glass from old building reused in new building as Glassphalt Terrazzo concrete Glazing Reuse of excavated soil on site Refer online sources such as http://www.sfenvironment.org/ http://www.sfenvironment.org/

56. Reuse – 2065 Strategies Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Steel and Concrete Reusable / Recyclable Keep as simple as possible Easy to disassemble Standardize Easier in next building to reuse as is

57. Site Plan Both Projects Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

58. Site Plan Equipment Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Mobile Crane – 200 ft 9 ton Truck-Mounted Concrete Pump Excavator Road Roller

59. Wave Scheduling Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Steel schedule Concrete schedule Foundation done Building close-in Interiors done Foundation done Building close-in Interiors done 112015 123015

60. Hi-Tech Scheduling Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Steel schedule Concrete schedule Foundation done Building close-in Interiors done Foundation done Building close-in Interiors done 111015 121515

61. Estimate Comparison Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Wave- Concrete $ 7,985,000 Wave- Steel $ 7,692,000 Hi Tech- Steel $ 7,247,000 Hi Tech- Concrete $ 7,314,000

62. Estimate Comparison Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Wave- Steel Steel columns and beams, shear walls 11,000 sft excavation curved walls organic atrium green roof over auditorium Wave- Concrete shear walls, columns and beams 11,000 sft excavation curved walls organic atrium green roof over auditorium Hi Tech- Steel steel frame with braces 3820 sft excavation sloped walls “floating” atrium - Hi Tech- Concrete shear walls, columns and braces 3820 sft excavation sloped walls “floating” atrium -

63. Concrete vs. Steel Comparison Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Steel: Light weight Faster Schedule More headroom Easier to cantilever More common in America High Inflation! Low supply. Value ? Concrete: Safety Lower insurance! Relatively easier to source material. Relatively less inflation Slower schedule Less flexible with respect to services

64. Decision Matrix Both Projects Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Convey Big Idea Be Sustainable Enhance User Experience Be Safe and Constructible Optimize Construction …..HIGH LEVEL GOALS…..

65. Decision Matrix Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 WAVE STEEL WAVE CONCRETE HI TECH STEEL HI TECH CONCRETE COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS Spider Diagram

66. Decision Matrix Comparative Values Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 HI TECH WAVE STEEL WAVE CONCRETE HI-TECH STEEL HI-TECH CONCRETE WAVE Challenges: Two alternatives ranked very closely High sensitivity to preferences Next Steps: Incorporate owner’s Preferences

67. Team Process Decision Matrices Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 4#, one for each option: Wave Square footprint Wave Double-Diamond Hi-Tech Square Hi-Tech Double-Diamond One general for different architectural aspects

68. Team Process Winter Quarter Work Plan Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

69. Team Process Stuff & Actions, Weekly Meetings Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Stuff & Actions list Instead of To-Do lists Stuff are ideas Stuff should become Actions after reviewing, doable items Weekly Meetings Circulating Facilitator and Recorder Focused on Decisions

70. Team Process Improvements for Spring Quarter Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Create Gantt chart with Goals Create a proper schedule of activities More contact with Owners Better synchronized work Find ways to overcome failing technology

71. The End what questions do you have? Pacific Team AEC Project 2008

72. MEP Strategy Pacific Team AEC Project 2008 Central heating and cooling plant on campus Spaces divided into exterior facing and interior zones. Maximize natural ventilation Leverage thermal mass Grouping by Thermal load : N : E, W, S