1. Ecosystem Ecology Honors Biology Ch. 3.5-3.6

2. Ecosystems  Characterized by:  Biotic Factors:  Plants  Animals  Fungi  Protists  Bacteria  Abiotic Factors:  Temperature  Rainfall

3. What do these things have in common?

4. Where does the energy come from?

5. Producers (Autotrophs)  Plants, some bacteria, and some protists:  convert light energy into chemical energy

6. Consumers (Heterotrophs)  Animals, Fungi, some protists, and some bacteria:  Consume chemical energy and convert into usable energy

7. Herbivores  Consume producers  Ex: rabbits

8. Carnivores  Consume other consumers  Ex: wolves

9. Omnivores  Consume both producers and consumers  Ex: humans and bears

10. Detrivores (Decomposers)  Break down organic matter  Ex: bacteria & fungi

11. Overview Energy in Ecosystem  From sun (light energy)  Transferred by photosynthetic plants  To chemical energy (found in food)  Make ATP energy (usable energy in body)  Free energy (released as heat)

12. Honors Biology Ch. 4.4-4.6 Energy Flows in an Ecosystem

13. Food Chain  a relationship in which organisms depend on each other for energy/food.

14. Food Web  a group of interrelated food chains.  How many organisms are: 1. Autotrophs? 2. Heterotrophs? 3. Herbivores? 4. Carnivores? 5. Omnivores? 6. Detrivores?

15. Delicate Balance  Sometimes the removal of one species results in the collapse of the ecosystem  Ex: sea otter (Enhydra lutris)

18. Trophic Relationships  3° Consumers (carnivores)  eats 2° Consumers  2° Consumers (carnivores)  eats 1° Consumers  1° Consumers (herbivores)  convert chemical energy into ATP  Producers (autotrophs)  convert light energy into chemical energy

19. Energy Pyramid

20. Biomass Pyramid

21. Numbers Pyramid  1 Bird  2 Fish  4 Water Shrimp  7 Daphnia  10 Algae

22. Matter Cycles in the Ecosystem Honors Biology Ch. 4.14

23. Earth is matter

24. Chemistry is matter

25. Life is made out of matter

26. Biogeochemical Cycles  Biotic Factors are made up of matter (CHNOPS)  These elements cycle in our biosphere

27. Water Cycle

28. Carbon Cycle

29. Nitrogen Cycle

30. Phosphorus Cycle