1. Conflict

2. Key Terms: Nation State: an independent nation of people, who have a common identity and live together under 1 government in a defined geographical area. Sovereignty: the authority of 1 state is not subject to control by other states.

3. Ideology: a set of ideas and beliefs that a nation uses as the basis for its way of life, its political and economic systems, and its social goals. E.g. democracy v. authoritarianism (absolute monarchies, one-party nation states, military authoritarianism, religious nation state) v. communism

4. Name That War! Identify the war, or other conflict, that could be associated with each of the following comments:

5. “We are fighting to stop the spread of weapons of mass destruction from this country to others.” WMD include nuclear, chemical and biological weapons.

6. Answer: War in Iraq (2003)

7. “We are fighting to protect the sanctity of our religion from non-believers”

8. Answer: Crusades 1095 – 1291 Also repeated in War in Iraq (2003)

9. “We are fighting to remove a dictator from power who has killed many thousands of his own people.”

10. Answer: Allies in World War II Also repeated in War in Iraq (2003)

11. “We are fighting to protect our culture from the immoral culture of the Western world.”

12. Answer: Taliban in war in Afghanistan Also repeated in war in Iraq (2003)

13. Causes of Conflict:

14. 1. Natural Resources: The combination of global industrial development and population growth increases the demand for finite resources. E.g. most contentious resource is oil but in the years to come water will likely take over.

15. 2. Territorial Conflict: When two or more groups wish to control the same territory. E.g. Israeli-Palestinian conflict

16. 3. Cultural Conflict: Conflict between majority and minority cultures within the same nation. E.g. Canadian government and Aboriginal peoples over ownership of land and control of resources.

17. 4. Religious Conflict: Conflicts between two different religions within the same state or between different states. E.g. Ireland: Catholics v. Protestants

18. 5. Global Geopolitical Conflict: Often conflicts within a particular country are little more than localized versions of global rivalries. Often takes place through Proxy Wars (acting on behalf of another) E.g. Cold War (Vietnam and Korean Wars were proxy wars fought by the USA and the Soviet Union)

19. Costs of Conflict: Every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired represents, in the final analysis, a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, who are cold and not clothed. - President and former General, Dwight D. Eisenhower