1. Review Everything you need to know for the 1 st Quarter Test

2. Any website address is known as a URL. What does URL stand for?

3. Universal Resource Locator

4. What is the name of the first Internet, before I was called the internet?

5. ARPANET

6. What does GB stand for?

7. GIGABYTE

8. The key to good OS design is consistency. Apple completely gets this point with the positioning of the ______ at the bottom and their search function. Microsoft gambled with Windows 8 by removing the _____ ______ and replacing it with tiles.

9. Dock Start Button / Start Menu

10. The purpose of an Operating System is to ensure that a computer behaves in a _________ and _________ manner.

11. Flexible Predictable

12. What is the term used for a local collection of computers sharing information?

13. Network

14. An OS where hundreds of people can all use the same resource at the same time is called a _______-_______ OS.

15. Multi-User

16. The main brain of a computer, which does all the thinking.

17. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

18. What does LAN stand for?

19. LOCAL AREA NETWORK

20. You are used to counting in a base-10 system, otherwise known as the __________ system.

21. Decimal system, deci- meaning of 10

22. The CPU takes ________ from things like the keyboard and mouse and turns them into _______ like words on your screen.

23. INPUT / OUTPUT

24. The ____________ is the foremost piece of data on a hard drive that tells the BIOS how to load the OS.

25. Bootstrap

26. What device holds the names of computers with personal addresses so data gets where it needs to go?

27. Router

28. What are the two most common input devices?

30. An OS inside a sealed box is called a _____-_____ OS.

31. Real-Time

32. This item is where all your long term data storage is saved.

33. HARD DRIVE

34. What is the protocol that breaks up data for transmission?

35. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

36. The OS manages resources such as the ___, ___, and _____ ________ to ensure that all programs get the appropriate amount of resources to function.

37. CPU RAM Hard Drive

38. What are the numbers used in binary to represent values of digits?

39. 0 and 1

40. What is the name of the system that assigns numeric names to computers to make sure data goes to the right places?

41. IP Address

42. What does ROM stand for?

43. READ ONLY MEMORY

44. What does RAM stand for?

45. RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY

46. This is what you commonly call a folder. It’s technical name is _________________.

47. DIRECTORY

48. In binary: – ___ stands for off – ___ stands for on

49. In binary: – 0 stands for off – 1 stands for on

50. A byte is represented by what letter?

51. A CAPITAL B

52. Bytes are counted in what system?

53. The metric system

54. TCP breaks up data into chunks called _______________.

55. Packets

56. The visual representation of files and folders in an operating system is called a ___________ ______.

57. Directory Tree

58. An _________ _________ is software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common resources for computer programs.

59. Operating System

60. Operating Systems allow any number of differently configured sets of ____________ to be run similarly.

61. Hardware

62. An OS that can only do things one at a time without multi-tasking is called a _________-______, ______ ______ OS.

63. Single-User, Single Task

64. How do you convert bits into bytes?

65. There are 8 bits in a byte, so to convert bits to bytes you.. DIVIDE BY EIGHT! 48 megabits = 6 megabytes 48/8 = 6

66. This is a resource for storing information, that a program can access.

67. FILE – Image.jpg = A resource for storing picture information. – Photoshop.exe = A resource for storing a program – Lolwut.html = A resource for storing a web page.

68. The way a user interacts with an Operating System is through a ____________ _______ _____________.

69. Graphical User Interface (GUI)

70. A three or four letter appendage to the end of a file is called its _________________ and allows it to be correctly paired with the program that should be opening it.

71. EXTENSION

72. What base is binary?

73. Binary is BASE-2 The only numbers are 0 and 1. That’s two numbers, so base-2.

74. A bit is represented by what letter?

75. Lowercase b

76. The API stands for ________ ___________ _________ and allows a consistent way to code a program for the OS.

77. Application Programming Interface

78. The piece of a computer that everything else connects into. It allows all the pieces to talk to each other to make things happen.

79. Motherboard

80. How fast is my download speed in megabytes per second if my download speed is 64 megabits per second?

81. Divide by 8 to convert megabits into megabytes. 64/8 = 8 8MB/sec

82. POST stands for ______ ______ ______ _____ and it is a series of tests the motherboard performs on itself before booting.

83. Power On Self Test

84. What is the name of the server that turns hostnames like www.google.com into an IP address?www.google.com

85. DNS (Domain Name System)

86. The term used for the time in milliseconds for a packet to get to a destination and back.

87. Ping

88. A ______ is a unit comprised of 8 bits.

89. 8 bits make a byte

90. What does CPU stand for?

91. Central Processing Unit

92. Can you name three common types of filename extensions?

93. .doc,.xls,.ppt,.exe,.pdf,.jpg,.gif,.html, etc.

94. The company that provides you internet is called an ________ ____________ _________

95. Internet Service Provider

96. What does TB stand for?

97. Terabyte

98. The topmost folder that every other folder is stored in. Its name varies from computer to computer, but it’s true name is the ______ _____________.

99. Root directory

100. What is the standard language for websites?

101. HTML – (Hypertext Markup Language)