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Know how. Know now. SICNA 29 Aug 2013 – Lubbock TX Improving the use of sorghum distillers grains in beef cattle diets Jim MacDonald, PhD, PAS.

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Presentation on theme: "Know how. Know now. SICNA 29 Aug 2013 – Lubbock TX Improving the use of sorghum distillers grains in beef cattle diets Jim MacDonald, PhD, PAS."— Presentation transcript:

1 Know how. Know now. SICNA 29 Aug 2013 – Lubbock TX Improving the use of sorghum distillers grains in beef cattle diets Jim MacDonald, PhD, PAS

2 Know how. Know now. Status of sorghum distillers grains in beef cattle scientific literature Owens, 2008

3 Know how. Know now. Does Grain Type Influences WDGS? 100% Corn 100% Sorghum

4 Know how. Know now. Nutrient profile of sorghum and corn ItemCornSorghum NDF10.1 8.7 ADF 3.7 5.2 Lignin 1.2 1.3 Hemicellulose 6.4 3.5 Hemicellulose % of NDF 63.2 40.0 Source: Dairy One Feed Library

5 Know how. Know now. Does grain type influences nutrient profile? ItemCorn WDGS Sorghum WDGS Blended WDGS CP26.840.030.4 Fat11.0 7.010.1 NDF23.343.936.0 S 0.74 0.45 0.61 Solubles may have varied considerably

6 Know how. Know now. Effect of Corn Processing and NDF Content on the Digestibility of WDGS DRC vs. SFC (P = 0.73) CWDGS vs. SWDGS (P < 0.01) Interaction (P = 0.60) Assumes kp = 0.05/hr Ruminal DM Digestiblity, % (Lewis et al, 2009. J. Anim. Sci. 87E-Suppl. 3:40 (Abstr.)).

7 Know how. Know now. Relationship of NDF and Energy in WDGS (JC MacDonald, unpublished).

8 Know how. Know now. Strategies to Improve Fiber Digestibility

9 Know how. Know now. Titration of limestone on the pH of wet distillers grains

10 Know how. Know now. Effect of buffer and enzyme on fiber content and pH No enzymeAdded enzyme -P-Value- ItemNo BufferBufferNo BufferBufferSEBufferEnzymeInteraction Initial pH 3.68 c 5.78 a 3.63 d 5.34 b 0.01<0.01 Final pH 3.68 c 5.17 a 3.55 d 4.46 b 0.01<0.01 Final DM, % 33.1 g 34.0 f 33.3 g 34.7 e 0.1<0.01 0.05 Final NDF, % 40.640.737.937.21.610.830.050.82 Final ADF, % 16.917.116.617.40.820.510.930.71 Means within row with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05).

11 Know how. Know now. Effect of buffer and enzyme on digestibility parameters No enzymeAdded enzyme -P-Value- Item 1 No BufferBufferNo BufferBufferSEBufferEnzymeInteracti on IVTD, % 79.781.281.382.50.90.140.100.85 NDFD, % 50.054.250.753.12.30.140.910.67 ADFD, % 46.951.756.459.32.50.12<0.010.69 INDF, % 20.318.818.717.50.80.140.100.85 IADF, % 8.988.267.247.100.40.28<0.010.47 IHEMI, % 11.410.611.510.40.50.070.930.77

12 Know how. Know now. Effect of buffered enzymes on rumen digestibility ItemUNTENZBUFFEREDNaOHNaOH+ENZSEP-value pH 3.273.254.714.964.46-- Dry Matter a (%) 47.7 d 54.5 b 60.7 a 49.8 c 54.3 b 0.5 <0.01 b (%) 45.240.938.040.539.32.60.17 c (%/hr) 2.76 ab 1.77 b 1.89 b 3.09 a 2.37 ab 0.50.06 ERD (%) 63.3 d 65.1 bc 69.6 a 64.0 cd 66.1 b 1.1 <0.01 Extent (%) 89.187.988.586.488.21.50.45

13 Know how. Know now. Effect of buffered enzyme on rumen ADF digestibility ItemUNTENZBUFFEREDSEMP-value ADF, % 25.127.320.5-- a (%) 31.7 c 44.1 a 40.1 b 0.2<0.01 b (%) 61.144.953.36.70.13 c (%) 2.642.622.280.60.83 ERD (%) 51.3 b 59.3 a 54.4 b 1.50.01 Extent (%) 85.1 a 85.4 a 79.7 b 4.60.07 Indigestible ADF 12.211.19.3-

14 Know how. Know now. Summary of Laboratory Work Enzymes solubilize fiber Remaining fiber has similar digestibility Greater overall digestion

15 Know how. Know now. Animal performance and digestion

16 Know how. Know now. Nutrient profile of WDGS fed to growing steers ItemControl 1 Enzyme Buffered Enzyme CP35.132.132.6 NDF35.724.722.9 ADF21.215.615.0 Crude fat11.4 Ca0.11 3.99 P0.870.810.77 K1.071.020.96 S0.580.540.53

17 Know how. Know now. Effect of buffered enzyme on performance of growing steers ItemControlEnzyme Buffered Enzyme SEMP-value Initial BW, lb 584 10.99 Ending BW, lb 86887385490.32 ADG, lb3.393.443.220.110.32 DMI, lb 2 19.6 ab 20.3 a 18.5 b 0.50.04 G:F0.1730.1690.1740.0040.66 F:G5.785.925.75--

18 Know how. Know now. In Vivo Digestibility Estimates ItemControlEnzyme Buffered Enzyme SEMP-value OM Dig76.073.876.010.23 NDF Dig54.755.056.61.10.45

19 Know how. Know now. Summary of buffered enzyme work Buffered enzymes showed promise in vitro Animal trial do not support improved performance Animal performance trial In vivo digestion trial

20 Know how. Know now. Effects of NaOH on in vitro digestibility % NaOH % Digestibility 15% increase in fiber digestibility (JC MacDonald, unpublished).

21 Know how. Know now. Acknowledgements Funding United Sorghum Checkoff Texas Corn Producers Board Biozyme Incorporated USDA-ARS Texas State Distillers Grains Initiative Research Team Dr. Ted McCollum Dr. N. Andy Cole Dr. Jhones Sarturi Dr. Christian Ponce Jodi Patterson Beverly Clark Casey Brauer Stacey Butler Robby Bondurant

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