1. The Archetypal Hero What Do Luke Skywalker, Simba, King Arthur, Moses, and William Wallace all have in common?

2. Jung and Campbell n Carl Jung and Joseph Campbell developed the idea of the archetype –Archetype: A recurring pattern of images, situations, or symbols found in the mythology, religion, art, and dreams of cultures around the world Joseph Campbell Carl Jung

3. Archetypal Hero Traits n Unusual Circumstances of Birth n Leaves Family and Lives With Others n Traumatic Event Leads to Quest n Special Weapon n Supernatural Help n Proves Himself on Quest n Journey and Unhealable Wound n Atonement With Father n Spiritual Apotheosis

4. Unusual Birth n Often in danger or born into royalty –Luke w/ aunt and uncle –Simba born a prince –Moses put in basket –King Arthur in danger from Uther Pendragon’s rivals

5. Leaves Family n Raised away from his people –Luke w/ aunt and uncle –Simba w/ Timon and Poobah –King Arthur w/ Merlin –William Wallace with uncle –Moses w/ Pharaoh’s daughter

6. Traumatic Event n A hero’s life is changed forever –Luke’s aunt and uncle’s death –Wallace’s wife is killed –Arthur pulls sword from stone –Simba fights Nala –Yahweh appears to Moses

7. Special Weapon n Only the hero can wield his weapon –Luke’s light saber –Arthur’s Excalibur –Moses’ staff –Wallace’s sword –Simba’s... claws?

8. Supernatural Help n Hero often has spiritual guidance –Luke hears Obi- Wan Kenobi –Arthur has Merlin –Yahweh guides Moses –Wallace dreams of his dead father –Simba sees Mufasa in the sky and has Rafiki help him

9. Proves Himself n Hero performs feats while on Quest –Luke blows up Death Star, leads rebellion –Arthur leads battles –Moses perform miracles –Simba contemplates his life –Wallace leads his men against British

10. Journey & Unhealable Wound n Hero descends into a hell-like area and suffers wounding from encounter w/ evil –Symbolically goes where normal humans can’t and finds truth about self

11. Atonement With Father n Hero either redeems father’s evil deeds or reconciles with father over wrongs done by the hero

12. Apotheosis n Hero is rewarded spiritually at the end of his life

13. What are heroes for? What is their role? n Idealized or super-human as role model n Contribute to the society’s necessary business of reproducing itself and it’s values n Pattern behaviour, beliefs and values

14. What are the problems with this? n Mostly European n Warriors who fight and kill to solve problems n Conquering other groups n Justify crimes of dominant groups over marginalized groups n Never see them mature, become wise, take on responsibilities beyond conquering. OR DO WE?… Let’s look at some modern responses…

15. Superman’s Song n The theme of this song could be the “harsh reality of being a hero”. n Highlight 3 lines that prove that this statement is correct.

16. Superman n Choose one question from the “Discussion” Section and highlight / annotate lines that help answer the question.

17. Hero of War n What is this song saying about so-called war heroes? Write it in the margin and highlight the lines that support your statement.