1. Voice of IP Fundamentals
CHAPTER 3+5
Basic Telephony Signaling
PSTN Services

2. Loop Start and Ground Start Signaling (Tip and Ring)
Tip – Ground side
Ring – Power side (-48V)

3. Trunking the PSTN to CME:
Foreign Exchange Station (FXS) ports typically connect analog phones, fax machines, and modems to the CME router
Foreign Exchange Office (FXO) ports normally connect the PSTN to the CME router, or PBX system
Earth and Magneto (E&M) or Ear and Mouth connects from the PSTN directly to a PBX system

4. Digital Connections:
Channel Associated Signaling (CAS) uses robbed bits from the voice data flow for signaling and control functions. Does affect the voice quality slightly (in-band-signaling)
Common Channel Signaling (CCS) uses a separate channel for all signaling and control functions (out-of-band signaling)

5. ISDN Provides Circuit-based communications
ISDN Features:
ISDN Provides Circuit-based communications
New services extended to users
ISDN has two types, Basic Rate Interface (BRI) and Primary Rate Interface (PRI)
ISDN includes Direct-Inward-Dial (DID) and Direct-Outward-Dial (DOD)
ISDN can add additional channels
ISDN can transmit voice or data
ISDN uses a separate signaling channel
ISDN is compatible with SS7
ISDN enables the creation of VPNs

6. ISDN Interfaces:
B Channel:
64 kbps
No signaling information
G.711 CODEC
D Channel:
All signaling information
9.6 kbps (64 kbps line)

7. ISDN Interfaces 1:

8. ISDN Interfaces 2:

9. ISDN Protocols:
Q.921:
Layer 2
Error-free and Secure Communications
Link Access Procedures on D-Channel (LAPD)
Q.931:
Layer 3
Call establishment
Call Control Messages

10. PSTN Features: Features: Customer-originated trace Automatic callback
Automatic recall
Display features
Calling number blocking
Call screening
Voice messaging
Fax messaging
Virtual Private Voice Networks
Centrex services
Call center services

11. Cisco Unified Communications Manager Express Platform Limitations:

12. Cisco Unified CME Features:
System:
Account codes and Call Detail Record (CDR) field entry
Callback busy subscriber and camp-on
Per-phone call coverage rules
Call hold and retrieve
Call park: personal and directed
Call transfer and park recall
Call park assign to extension
Call pickup directed
Call pickup local group
Call pickup explicit group
Call transfer: consultative and blind
Call waiting
Computer Telephony Integration (CTI) with Microsoft CRM and Outlook using Cisco IOS Software Telephony Services Provider (TSP)
E911 with two emergency location numbers per zone, unlimited zones per site

13. Cisco Unified CME Features continued:
System:
Eight –party impromptu conferencing
Directory services using XML
Hunt-group dynamic login and logout
Hunt-groups statistics: daily and hourly
Intercom
Meet-me conferencing (32 party)
Music on Hold (MoH): internal or external source
Night service bell or call forwarding
Overlay extensions for enhanced call coverage
Called-name display for overlay extensions
Paging: internal through IP phones or to external system
Per-call caller ID blocking
Secondary dial tone
Standards-based network call transfer and call forwarding using H.450
Additional system speed-dial option through XML service

14. Cisco Unified CME Features continued:
System:
Time-of-day and day-of-week call blocking
Customizable called-name display
Support of SRST fallback service phone auto-registration
Basic automatic call distribution (B-ACD) (three queues) with auto-attendant and call statistics
Display of number of calls in queue on IP Phone
Agent login and logout of B-ACD hunt group
Integration with Cisco Unified Contact Center Express 5.0 for advanced call center features with support for up to 50 agents, agent supervisors, call recording, silent monitoring, and reporting features.
Secure Real-Time Protocol (SRTP), providing media encryption for calls on the IP network
Secure Voice IP Phone certificate authentication and provisioning plus secure device signaling using Transport layer Security (TLS)

15. Cisco Unified CME Features continued:
Phone Features:
Maximum 250 phones per system
Up to 34 line appearances per phone
Attendant console functions using Cisco Unified IP Phone Expansion Module 7914
Fast transfer: blind or consult
Busy lamp
Silent ringing options
Automatic line selection for outbound calls
Call forward on busy, no answer, and all (internal or external
Call-forward-all restriction control
Do not disturb (DND)
Feature ring with DND set
IP Phone display of DND state
Dial-plan pattern load on SIP phones
Diversion of calls directly to voice mail

16. Cisco Unified CME Features:
Phone Features:
Customization of softkeys
Enable and disable call-waiting notification per line
Call waiting with overlay directory number
Call-waiting ring
Dual or 8 call line appearances per button
After-hours toll-bar override
Auto-answer with headset
European date formats
Hook flash pass-through across analog PSTN trunks
Idle URL: periodically push messages or graphics on IP Phones
Last-number redial
Live record to Cisco Unity Express mailbox
Local name directory lookup
On-hook dialing
Station speed dial with configuration changes from IP Phone

17. Cisco Unified CME Features continued:
Phone Features:
System speed dial for 10,000 numbers
Silent and feature ring options
SIP-based line-side subscribe, providing basic presence of phone status
Transfer to voice mail softkey
Call barge with privacy on shared lines
Access features using softkeys or feature access codes
Remote teleworker IP phone support
Dynamic hunt-group join or leave
Support for analog phones using Cisco ATA 186 Analog Telephone Adapter or Cisco VG224 Analog Phone Gateway in SCCP mode
Support for fax machines on Foreign Exchange Station (FXS) ports or ATA using H.323, SCCP, or SIP
XML application services on Cisco Unified IP display phones

18. Cisco Unified CME Features continued:
Phone Features:
Station-to-station video with voice using Cisco Unified Video Advantage or Cisco Unified IP Phone 7985G endpoints
Extension mobility within the single site
Wideband audio (G.722) and iLBC codec

19. Cisco Unified CME Features continued:
Trunk Features:
Analog Foreign Exchange Office (FXO) loop and ground start
Ear and Mouth (E&M)
Basic Rate Interface (BRI) and Primary Rate Interface (PRI) support (NI2, 4ESS, 5ESS, EuroISDN, DMS100, and DMS250) and several other switch types currently supported in Cisco IOS software
Called ID name and number
Automatic number identification (ANI)
Digital trunk support
Direct Inward Dialing (DID)
Direct outward dialing
E1 R2 support
Dedicated trunk mapping to phone button
H.323 trunks with H.450 support
H automatic detection of H.450 support for remote H.323 endpoints

20. Virtual Trunking Protocol:
Switches exchange VLAN information automatically
VTP Domain Names and Passwords are case sensitive
VTP Modes are server, client or transparent
VTP Server allows the creation or deletion of VLAN’s throughout system. VLAN information is saved in switch memory
VTP Client allows only the acceptance of VLAN’s from the server. Information is not stored in memory.
VTP Transparent mode allows the creation or deletion of VLAN’s of local significance only. VLAN information is stored in switch memory. Will pass VTP information to other switches within the same domain.

21. Virtual Trunking Protocol continued:
Each VTP change increased VTP revision number. Highest revision number is distributed through out system
Configuration:
Switch(config)#vtp mode server
Switch(config)#vtp domain PHONE_NETWORK
Switch(config)#vtp password VOICEPA55
Switch(config)#end
Switch#

22. Virtual Trunking Protocol continued:
Interface trunking modes:
Dynamic desirable: Cisco default. Will become trunk depending on mode and device attached.
Dynamic auto: Will become a trunk depending on mode and device attached but will not actively try to negotiate a trunk link.
Trunk: Will be in trunk mode but will negotiate with either dynamic auto, dynamic desirable using Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP).
Access: Not in a trunk mode. Gives access to one Data VLAN and one Voice VLAN only.
Nonegotiate: Disables DTP messages on interface

23. Cisco Unified CME Features continued:
Trunk Features:
H.323-to-H.323 hairpin call routing for non-H.450-compliant H.323 endpoints
SIP trunks and RFC 2833 support
Transcoding with G.711, G.729a, and iLBC
ISDN Q.SIG supplementary services of basic calls, including call forwarding busy, no answer, all; calling name and line identification (CLIP and CNIP); connected line and name identification (COLP and CONP); message waiting indicator (MWI) and message center support; MWI passthrough QSIG-to-TDM voice mail

24. Cisco Unified CME Features continued:
Voice Mail Features:
Integrated voice mail and auto-attendant solution with Cisco Unity Express
Integration with Cisco Unity Voice Mail and Cisco Unity Unified Messaging, or third-party voice mail integration (H.323, SIP or dual-tone multifrequency [DTMF])

25. CME Integration:

26. Cisco Licensing for Cisco Unified CME:
IOS license: The CME router must be licensed to run a version of Cisco IOS that is capable of supporting the CME software
Feature license: The feature license grants the CME router the ability to support a specific number of IP Phones.
Phone user licenses: each phone must have a license

27. Cisco Unified CME Models:
PBX Model

28. Cisco Unified CME Models:
Keyswitch Model

29. Cisco Unified CME Models:
Hybrid Model

30. Installing Cisco Unified CME: Router
Router(config)#copy tftp:// /c2800nm-adventerprisek9_ivs-mz T2.bin flash:

31. Installing Cisco Unified CME:
Basic files
GUI files
XML template files
MOH files
Script files
Miscellaneous files

32. Installing Cisco Unified CME:
CME Installation File

33. Installing Cisco Unified CME: Extract CME Installation File
Router#archive tar /xtract tftp:// /cme-full tar flash:
Loading cme-full tar from (via fastEthernet0/0):!
bacdprompts/ (directory) 0 (bytes)
extracting bacdprompts/app-b-acd ReadMe.txt (18836 bytes) extracting bacdprompts/app-b-acd tcl (24985 bytes)

34. IP Phone Boot:
IP Phone connects to switchport
Switchport senses and supplies PoE
Via CDP phone receives voice VLAN information
Phone sends DHCP request on voice VLAN and receives IP address, Mask and default-Gateway
Once addressed the phone contacts TFTP server (Option 150) and downloads configuration files
Phone contacts first call processing center (CME Router) and registers. If unable to contact will contact additional centers as listed in configuration

35. Installing Cisco Unified CME: Verify download:
CME_Voice#dir flash:
CME_Voice#dir flash:/phone
CME_Voice#dir flash:/phone/
CME_Voice#dir flash:/phone/
Directory of flash:/phone/ /
99 -rw Nov :18:18 -04:00 P bin
100 -rw Nov :18:18 -04:00 P loads
101 -rw Nov :18:22 -04:00 P sb2
102 -rw Nov :18:24 -04:00 P sbn
bytes total ( bytes free)
CME_Voice#

36. Maximum Phones and Numbers:
Create e-phone:
Maximum Phones and Numbers:
CME_Voice(config)#telephony-service
CME_Voice(config-telephony)#max-ephones 24
CME_Voice(config-telephony)#max-dn 48
CME_Voice(config-telephony)#exit

37. TFTP services for Firmware loads:
Create e-phone:
TFTP services for Firmware loads:
CME_Voice(config)#tftp-server flash:/phone/ / P sbn alias P sbn
CME_Voice(config)#telephony-service
CME_Voice(config-telephony)#load P loads

38. Create e-phone: Source address: CME_Voice(config)#interface lo0
CME_Voice(config-if)#ip address
CME_Voice(config)#telephony-service
CME_Voice(config-telephony)#ip source-address

39. Create e-phone: Create CNF files: CME_Voice(config)#telephony-service
CME_Voice(config-telephony)#create cnf-files

40. Create e-phone: Verify CNF files:
CME_Voice#show telephony-service tftp-bindings
CME_Voice#sh telephony-service tftp-bindings
tftp-server system:/its/united_states/7960-tones.xml alias United_States/7960-ton
es.xml
tftp-server system:/its/united_states/7960-font.xml alias English_United_States/7
960-font.xml
tftp-server system:/its/vrf1/XMLDefault7940.cnf.xml alias SEP000F24A97457.cnf.xml
tftp-server system:/its/vrf1/XMLDefault7940.cnf.xml alias SEP D4217.cnf.xml
tftp-server system:/its/vrf1/XMLDefault7940.cnf.xml alias SEP000AB776A988.cnf.xml

41. Inspect Generic Configuration file:
Create e-phone:
Inspect Generic Configuration file:
CME_Voice#more system:/its/vrf1/XMLDefault7940.cnf.xml
CME_Voice#more system:/its/vrf1/XMLDefault7940.cnf.xml
<device>
<versionStamp>{7940 Feb :23:20}</versionStamp>
<devicePool>
<callManagerGroup>
<members>
<member priority="0">
<callManager>
<ports>
<ethernetPhonePort>2000</ethernetPhonePort>
</ports>
<processNodeName> </processNodeName>

42. Create e-phone:
Phone has Registered:

43. End of Chapter 3 & 5