2. Properties of Matter

3. Look at this picture… What do you see?

4. 3 General Properties of Matter u Matter is anything that has mass and volume u Everything is made of matter

5. What is Volume? u Volume is the amount of space in an object. u Volumes is constant for a specific object. u We measure volume with a graduated cylinder or a ruler

6. 5 What is mass? u Mass is the amount of matter in an object u Mass is constant of a specific object u We measure mass with a metric balance

7. 6 Weight u The measure of the force of gravity on the mass of an object u Weight changes with gravity u The metric unit for weight is a Newton (N)

8. 7 What is gravity? u The force of attraction between objects is gravity u All objects exert a gravitational force on each other

9. 8 Question  Why can ’ t you feel the attraction between you and other objects the same way you are pulled toward Earth?

10. 9 Gravitational Pull u The greater the mass of an object the greater the gravitational force

11. 10 Question  Why can ’ t we feel the pull of gravity from Jupiter even though it is so massive?

12. 11 What affects gravity? u The pull of gravity weakens as the distance between objects increases u gravity depends on mass and distance

13. 12 Gravity u The further an object is from the center of the earth, the less the object will weigh

14. 13 Question u Would you weigh less, more, or the same on top of Mount Everest?

15. 14 Question u The moon is smaller than the earth. How would your weight be different on the moon?

16. 15 Questions u What are three properties of matter related to mass?

17. 16 What is a physical property? u Physical properties are those that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance

18. u Matter has observable and measurable qualities. u We can use general properties to identify substances. u Two basic types of properties of matter: Physical properties and Chemical properties:

19. u Physical properties are used to identify, describe and classify matter. u Characteristic of a substance that can be observed (using your senses) without changing the substance into something else. ColorTextureTaste SizeShapeOdor DensityViscosityLuster MalleabilityDuctilityHardness ConductivityMagnetismSolubility

20. u size, shape, freezing point, boiling point, melting point, magnetism, viscosity, density, luster and many more. u Viscosity - The resistance of a liquid to flowing. u Examples: u Low viscosity-water, rubbing alcohol u High viscosity-honey

21. u Chemical properties are characteristics involved when a substance interacts with another substance to change its chemical make-up. FlammabilityRustingCreating gas bubbles Creating a new chemical product Reactivity with water Reactivity

22. How to tell the difference Physical and Chemical Changes

23. Physical Change u Substance may seem different, but the way the atoms link up is the same.

24. It ’ s a physical change if u It changes shape or size u It dissolves.

25. u It changes phase (freezes, boils, evaporates, condenses) It ’ s a physical change if...

26.  Changes the way the molecules link up u Makes new substances Chemical Change

27. It ’ s a chemical change if…. u It burns u Temperature changes without heating/cooling

28. It ’ s a chemical change if... u It bubbles (makes a gas)

29. It ’ s a chemical change if... u It changes color u It forms a precipitate

30. What kind of change is it if someone... u Tears up paper? u Physical change u Mixes salt and water? u Physical change

31. What kind of change is it if someone... u Burns paper? u Chemical change u Evaporates salt water? u Physical change

32. What kind of change is it if someone... u Mixes vinegar and baking soda? u Chemical change