1. Rhythm – the movement of music in time Some beats are stronger than others occurring in regular intervals. These groupings are called meters. (we divide music into measures) Meter – organizes the flow of rhythm in music. Types of Meter Duple meter – Twinkle Twinkle Triple meter – America Quadruple meter – Battle Hymn of the Republic Sextuple meter – Greensleeves Nonmetric – chants

2. Upbeat – music doesn’t start on downbeat (Greensleeves) Syncopation – a deliberate upsetting of the normal pattern of accentuation. The accent is shifted to a weak beat or offbeat. (Scott Joplin, Pineapple Rag)

3. Polyrhythm – simultaneous use of different rhythm patterns (3 against 2, 3 against 4) polyrhythms require at least two rhythms to be played concurrently, Additive meter Additive meter – grouping of irregular numbers of beats that add up to a larger overall pattern (India 14 beat measures 2+4+4+4)