1. Penicillin Jitka Trtílková Martin Nejezchleb

2. Alexandr Fleming 6.8.1881 – 11.3.1955 Doctor and bacteriologist He worked in research laboratory in Ann`s hospital in London In 1928 he discovered mould Penicillium Notatum Penicillin is secreted by this mould He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945 mould = plíseň

3. History of penicillin Pure penicillin was extracted in 1941 Penicillin was declared top-secret and only wound soldiers in the Second World War got it Since 1944 penicillin has been at the disposal of all people Penicillium Nottatum

4. Properties Weak organic acids Low solubility in water Sensitive to light, heat, extreme pH, heavy metals, oxidation and reduction agents In the presence of alcohol Penicillins are degraded

5. Structure Penicillin G R = CH 2 C 6 H 5 Penicillin V R = CH 2 OC 6 H 5 general formula

6. Application The most used antibiotic in the world For bacterial disease as are: streptococcus, meningococcus, diptheria, blood poisoning, some veneral disease, brain fever and bronchitis diptheria = záškrt, blood poisoning = otrava krve, veneral disease = pohlavní choroby, brain fever = zápal moskových blan bronchitis = zánět průdušek

7. Penicillin action It stops synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids in damaged cell Inhibition of cell-wall synthesis Influence to the ectoplast cell-wall = buněčná stěna, ectoplast = buněčná membrána, inhibition = zastavení, influence = vliv

8. Recipe for home penicillin 100g of garlic 100g of onion 70g of dill 100g of horse-radish 50g of celery 6-8 lemons Sugar (to your taste) 2l of water Boil water with sugar. When it becomes cold, add other cut up ingredients. Put it into a bottle. After 3 weeks you can consume it. dill = kopr, horse-radish = křen

9. Thank for your attention