2. POPULATIONS Mr. V. M. Galdo BOOKER T. WASHINGTON S.H.S.

3. It could be a population of plants too! 1.Read and Predict – Read the title, subtitles, and figures of the Biology book, chapter 5, pages 118 – 123 2.In your notes, write down a hypothesis, an educated guess, of what is the section about.

4. What is a population? A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area. For example, the alligators that live in the everglades, the mangrove trees that live in South Florida, etc.

5. How do populations grow? Inquiry Activity Read and complete the activity on page 118 of the Biology book.

7. How Populations Grow Characteristics & Types of Growth Key Words and Concepts: geographic distribution, density, growth rate, population size, birth rate, death rate, immigration, emigration, exponential growth, logistic growth, limited and unlimited resource/s, carrying capacity

8. DEFINITIONS Geographic Distribution – area inhabited by a population (Range). Density - # of individuals of a population per unit of area, i.e., km 2, mile 2, cm 2, etc. Growth Rate – speed with which a population changes its size, it might increase (+ rate) or decrease (- rate). Population Size – it describes how many individuals there are in a population.

9. DEFINITIONS Birth Rate - # of births in a period of time, usually stated in # of births in time per thousand. Death Rate - # of individuals dying in a period of time, usually stated in # of deaths in time per thousand. Immigration - # of individuals moving into an area. Emigration - # of individuals moving away from an area.

10. DEFINITIONS Exponential Growth – Growth of a population that increases by a fixed percentage of the whole in a given time. When plotted it looks like the letter J. Logistic Growth – occurs when a population’s growth slows or stops. When plotted it looks like the letter s. Limited Resource/s – Resources that can not be replenished or it takes a long time for them to be replenished again, i.e., oil, minerals, etc. Unlimited Resource/s - Resources that can be replenished in a fairly short time, i.e., trees, vegetables, animal meat, etc.

11. DEFINITIONS Carrying Capacity – it is the maximum number of individuals that a given environment can support over a long period of time.

12. QUESTIONS & SUMMARY Write the 13 key words and concepts on the questions column (already done during class). Write your summary.

13. OUTPUT Using all the Key Words and Concepts from the section How Populations Grow build a 6 pairs MATCH GAME. For example: OUTPUT Using all the Key Words and Concepts from the section How Populations Grow build a 6 pairs MATCH GAME. For example: 1.P opulation 2. Biotic 3. Benthic A. Living part of an ecosystem. B. Live in the bottom of the ocean. C. A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area.

14. Population Growth cartoon 1 - catalog reference aal0043

15. DO YOU SEE A DIFFERENCE? EXPLAIN. HOW COULD THIS HAPPEN?

16. Limits to Growth Using the headings of section 5-2 Limits to Growth, build a network tree concept map.

17. Limits to Growth – Limiting Factors Density-Dependent Factors 1.Depends on population size or density (#organisms/area) 2.Affects mostly large, dense populations. 3.Examples: a. Competition (might lead to evolution) b. predation (predator- prey relationship) c. parasitism & disease Density-Independent Factors 1.Affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of population size. 2.Due to either natural causes or human causes. 3.Examples: a. Unusual weather b. Natural disasters c. Seasonal cycles d. Human activities

18. Predator-Prey Relationship (Fig. 5-7, p.126) http://www.authorstre am.com/Presentation/ Abhil-36239-Isle- Royale-Simulation- Predator-Prey-Using- Field-Data-Michigan- as-Entertainment-ppt- powerpoint/

19. QUESTIONS & SUMMARY Using the High School Question Task Cards write at least 8 questions about today’s notes Write your summary.

20. OUTPUT Build a Crossword Puzzle using key words and concepts about limits to growth. The crossword puzzle must have at least 12 words or concepts on it.

21. JUST DO IT NOW Read Does the Grey Wolf Population Need Protection?, book page 128. What is your point of view? Support your answer with 3 facts.

23. Human Population Growth

24. Historical Overview Human population tends to increase with time. Growth at the beginning was slow due to harsh living conditions. Now it is exponential (J shape). About 500 years ago it began growing more rapidly thanks to the Scientific and Industrial revolutions. More food and improved shipping capacities, better sanitation and medicine people lives longer, high birthrates are maintained.

25. Patterns of Human Population Growth The human population can not keep growing exponentially forever because Earth and its resources are limited. Demography – the scientific study of human populations. Birthrates, death rates, and the age structure of a population help predict why some countries have high growth rates while other countries grow more slowly.

26. Demographic Transition (figure 5-12) It is a dramatic change in birth and death rates. It has 3 phases: Phase 1 – both birth and death rate are high. Phase 2 – Death rate decreases fast, high birth rate is maintained. Phase 3 – Birth rate decreases fast until catching or surpassing the death rate. Developing countries are on stages 1 and 2, developed countries are on stage 3. US is on stage 3.

27. QUESTIONS & SUMMARY Using the High School Question Task Cards write at least 5 questions about today’s notes Write your summary.

28. OUTPUT Build a Crossword Puzzle using key words and concepts from Limits to Growth and Human Population Growth. The crossword puzzle must have at least 12 words or concepts on it.

29. AGE STRUCTURE DIAGRAMS Used by demographers to predict future population growths. They show the gender and age groups of a country. Each bar represents individuals within a 5- year group. Percentages, thousands or millions of males are to the left of the center line and females to the right in each group.

30. Human Population Histograms There are three basic shapes: 1 – Pyramid: very fast growth; example underdeveloped nations. 2 – Box Like: slow growth; example developed and developing countries. 3 – Inverted Pyramid: no growth or negative growth; example developed countries.

32. Editorial cartoon May 1998

33. QUESTIONS & SUMMARY Using the High School Question Task Cards write at least 5 questions about today’s notes Write your summary.

34. OUTPUT Build a histogram using the data provided by the teacher, and answer the following questions: 1.W hich is the biggest age group in the histogram? 2.W hat gender and age is the biggest? 3.W hat type of country is represented by the histogram? Explain your answer.

35. Humans in the Biosphere

36. A Changing Landscape Earth is the island on which we live.Earth is the island on which we live. Human Activities:Human Activities: Human Activities Hunting & Gathering Agriculture Industrial Growth & Urban Development Traditional to Modern (monoculture) Green Revolution Challenges: 1)Pesticides 2)Water Supply

39. Renewable & Nonrenewable Resources RENEWABLE 1. They can regenerate if they are alive or can be replenished by biochemical cycles if they are nonliving. 2. They are not necessarily unlimited. 3. Examples: Living – trees, cows, etc. Nonliving – water 4. Depends on the context being used, i.e., one tree is renewable, a forest with its inhabitants is not. NONRENEWABLE 1.They can not be replenished by natural processes. 2.When depleted they are gone forever. 3.Examples: Oil, minerals, precious metals, etc. 4.Depends on the context being used, i.e., one tree is renewable, a forest with its inhabitants is not.

40. Renewable & Nonrenewable Resources (Book pages 144 – 149) Sustainable Development: Managing the resources so that they don’t go extinct and no harm is cause to the environment.

41. QUESTIONS & SUMMARY Using the High School Question Task Cards write at least 5 questions about today’s notes Write your summary.

42. OUTPUT Copy and answer questions 1 – 5 on page 143, (6-1 Section Assessment.) Copy and answer questions 1 - 5 on page 149 (6-2 Section Assessment).

43. OUTPUT Write a letter to a friend on which you explain the differences between renewable and non-renewable resources. Give two examples of each.