1. Lesson 11 “Life Under Ice”

2. Singular & Plural Nouns  To form the plural form of most nouns, add –s  Girl/girls  School/schools  Elephant/Elephants  To form the plural form of nouns ending in s, ch, sh, or x, add –es  Cross/Crosses  Bench/Benches  Bush/Bushes  Box/Boxes

3. Singular & Plural Nouns Continued….  To form the plural of nouns ending in a consonant and y, change the y to an i and add –es.  Family/Families  Party/Parties  Baby/Babies  Irregular Plural Nouns  To form the plural of many nouns ending in f or fe, change the f to a v and add –es.  Loaf/Loaves  Leaf/Leaves  Wife/Wives  Life/Lives

4. Some nouns follow no rules in the formation of their plurals. They are called irregular plurals. O Child/Children O Deer/Deer O Foot/Feet O Goose/Geese O Louse/Lice O Man/Men O Moose/Moose O Mouse/Mice O Ox/Oxen O Sheep/Sheep O Woman/Women

5. Prefixes & Suffixes

6. Storytown Vocabulary  Thrive: A living thing that is growing in a healthy manner is said to thrive.

7. O Illuminates: When something illuminates an object, it shines light on it to make it brighter or more visible.

8. Bearable O Something that you can usually put up with is bearable.

9. Abundant O When something is abundant, there are large quantities of it.

10. Phenomenon O Something that you can observe that exists in nature is called a phenomenon.

11. Refuge O A refuge is a place that provides shelter and protection.