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1 Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement in Arizona - Application and Verification October 3, 2008 Arizona Association of County Engineers
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2 Outline Introduction Project Overview Existing Pavement Condition Construction and Production Operations Granite/ADOT Test Results Summary
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3 Outline Introduction Project Overview Existing Pavement Condition Construction and Production Operations Granite/ADOT Test Results Summary
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4 Change in DOT’s
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6 Price escalation for construction/rehabilitation and maintenance Asphalt binder shortages Polymer shortages Environmental concerns Energy concerns Funding limitations Changing Market Conditions = Renewed Interest in Recycling
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7 States Allowance of RAP 75-percent of States allow at least 10- percent RAP in surface course mixes More States allow higher percentages in lower lifts
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8 15% RAP in HMA25% RAP in HMA Energy, BTU 58 AC Consumed, tons 1219 Aggregate Consumed, tons 610 CO 2 (lb) 712 CO (lb) 813 NO x (lb) 59 SO x (lb) 916 PM-10 (lb) 610 Value of Recycling – Percent Savings Relative to Conventional Materials – Initial Construction* *equivalent square yards Note: Similar advantages found with Life Cycle Cost
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9 PCI Over Time* *Projects constructed in Arizona
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10 Outline Introduction Project Overview Existing Pavement Condition Construction and Production Operations Granite/ADOT Test Results Summary
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11 Project Layout
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12 Standard Sections
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13 Scope of Work Partial depth removal of existing asphalt concrete Placement of dense grade asphalt concrete Placement of AR-ACFC Miscellaneous other work Granite’s Proposal Use RAP in base course HMA 6% coarse RAP (3/4-in x 3/8-in) 9% fine RAP (3/8-in minus) Note: RAP currently used as shoulder backing and aggregate base on ADOT projects
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14 Standard Section
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15 Outline Introduction Project Overview Existing Pavement Condition Construction and Production Operations Granite/ADOT Test Results Summary
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16 Alligator Cracking Moderate severity alligator cracking Existing pavement prior to rehabilitation
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17 Transverse Cracking Slight to moderate severity transverse cracking Existing pavement prior to rehabilitation
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18 Block Cracking Block cracking Existing pavement prior to rehabilitation Maybe considered combination of longitudinal and transverse cracking
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19 Outline Introduction Project Overview Existing Pavement Condition Construction and Production Operations Granite/ADOT Test Results Summary
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20 Cold Milling Operations
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21 Unprocessed RAP from I-19
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22 Coarse RAP (3/4-in x 3/8-in)
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23 Fine RAP (3/8-in Minus)
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24 Hot Plant Feeders 5 Virgin Aggregate Bins 2 RAP Bins
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25 Hot Plant Cement Silo and Pugmill Virgin Aggregate Scalping Screen
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26 Hot Plant Counter Flow Drum Mixer RAP Conveyor
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27 Paving and Inspection HMA Paving Density Testing
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28 Rolling Operations Echelon Breakdown Rolling Finish Rolling
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29 Finished Mat
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30 Outline Introduction Project Overview Existing Pavement Condition Construction and Production Operations Granite/ADOT Test Results Summary
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31 Granite Test Results – RAP* Testing Lab RAP Source Stat 3/8-in Sieve, % Passing No. 8 Sieve, % Passing No. 40 Sieve, % Passing No. 200, % Passing Asphalt Binder Content, %DWA Granite - Arizona Coarse No.10 Std. Dev.**3.52.01.10.380.53 Fine No.11 Std. Dev.0.01.91.61.171.09 GranleyStd. Dev.2.810.940.28 Rep. RangeStd. Dev.2.0 – 4.52.0 – 3.50.5 – 1.50.15 – 0.45 Rep. ValueStd. Dev.3.302.800.900.30 *Test results based on ignition oven **Standard Deviation – measure of variability
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32 Granite Test Results – RAP* Testing Lab RAP Source Stat 3/8-in Sieve, % Passing No. 8 Sieve, % Passing No. 40 Sieve, % Passing No. 200, % Passing Asphalt Binder Content, %DWA Granite - Arizona Coarse No.55555 Std. Dev.**5.33.21.50.600.42 Fine No.77777 Std. Dev.0.01.91.10.700.22 GranleyStd. Dev.2.810.940.28 Rep. RangeStd. Dev.2.0 – 4.52.0 – 3.50.5 – 1.50.15 – 0.45 Rep. ValueStd. Dev.3.302.800.900.30 *Test results based on solvent extraction **Standard Deviation – measure of variability
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33 Granite/ADOT Test Results - Gradation *Standard Deviation – measure of variability Gradation of aggregate extracted from field mixed samples Standard Deviation of Percent Passing Sieve, % 3/8-inNo. 8No. 40No. 200 Granite2.952.561.180.57 ADOT3.222.140.880.46 Granite & ADOT3.102.351.040.51 Granley2.810.94 NCHRP 455 Rep. Range2.0 – 4.52.0 – 3.50.5 – 1.5 Rep. Value3.32.80.9
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34 Granite/ADOT Test Results - Volumetrics *Standard Deviation – measure of variability Volumetric properties of field mixed/lab compacted samples Bulk Density, lb/ft 3 Rice Density, lb/ft 3 Air Voids, % Asphalt Binder Content, % Granite0.950.580.810.29 ADOT0.800.490.670.21 Granite & ADOT0.880.530.740.25 Granley0.28 NCHRP 455 Rep. Range0.3 – 1.20.15 – 0.45 Rep. Value0.70.3
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35 Outline Introduction Project Overview Existing Pavement Condition Construction and Production Operations Granite/ADOT Test Results Summary
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36 Recycling Benefits Conservation Materials (aggregate and asphalt binder) Energy (burner fuel, trucking, etc.) Preservation of environment Landfill Green house gases (global warming) Sustainability Economics Reduce first and life cycle cost Complete reconstruction vs. alternative methods Increased contractor competition
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37 Questions
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