1. The World Economy European Exploration

2. Motives Gold Gold Desire for raw resources & ag land Desire to establish new trade routes to new markets God God Spread Christianity Glory Glory Build an empire to glorify rulers

3. Limitations of Motives All the motive in the world will not produce exploration w/o the ability to do so All the motive in the world will not produce exploration w/o the ability to do so Exploration in period of global interaction result of: changes in technology

4. Technological Aids New sturdier ships New sturdier ships Needed for ocean travel Experience in N.Atlantic vs. Med Maneuverability Maneuverability Added a rudder Sails Sails Combined square & lateen sails to advance in uncooperative winds

5. Technological Aids Navigation instruments Navigation instruments Astrolabe / cross staffs Compass Winds & currents Winds & currents Volta do mar Volta do mar

6. Notable Explorers

7. World Economies in 1500 Note the red line marking the world known to W. Europe

8. Columbus’ View of World W. Europe’s lack of knowledge = misperceptions

9. European Exploration

10. Treaty of Tordesillas = Treaty of Tordesillas = agreement b/t Spain & Portugal in 1494 in which Spain got rights to all lands west of the line of demarcation & Portugal got all lands east.

11. European Exploration: Treaty of Tordesillas Why these two countries? Who has the authority to create such agreements? Why was a treaty needed? Why would Spain & Portugal agree to these terms?

12. European Exploration World Powers = World Powers = Countries with greatest global influence: 1. Portugal 2. Spain 3. Netherlands (Dutch) 4. England What do they have in common?

13. Treaty of Tordesillas

14. European Exploration Columbian Exchange = Columbian Exchange = massive swap of people, diseases, plants, & animals b/t New World & Old World upon arrival of Christopher Columbus.

15. European Exploration: Columbian Exchange

18. Examples: Old to New World New to Old World Small Pox Small Pox Horses Horses Sugarcane Sugarcane Africans Africans Wheat Wheat Potatoes Potatoes Corn Corn Tomatoes Tomatoes Tobacco Tobacco

19. Mercantilism Manufactured goods Raw materials Mother Country Colony Cheap labor

20. Christianity

21. Christianity

22. Christianity

23. Christianity