1. Homework J-1 due Wednesday Current events article due Friday Test on Islam, China and Japan on Monday, March 9.

2. Aim: Why Didn’t China Discover the New World? March 2, 2015

3. A. Kublai wastes money/equipment/lives on unsuccessful conquests 1. Japan: Mongols fail to take over in 1281 due to a typhoon, origin of the term “kamikaze” (divine winds). 2. SE Asia (Vietnam, Indonesia): Hills and hot, tropical climate prevent Mongol success. I. Decline of the Yuan Dynasty

4. B. Kublai dies in 1294. His descendants are weak, corrupt, fight amongst themselves for power. C. During the 1300s, peasant rebellions chip away at Yuan power D. In 1368, peasant rebels led by Ming Hongwu overthrow the Mongols. Yuan Dynasty ends, Ming dynasty begins. I. Decline of the Yuan Dynasty

5. II. The Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) A. Ming Hongwu (1368-1398) – Peasant leader who defeated the Mongols. Starts the Ming dynasty. 1. Strengthens centralized gov, restores civil service exams. 2. Pacifies border regions 3. Redistributes land to the peasants.

6. II. The Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) B. Yung Lo / Yongle (1402-1424): Son of Ming Hongwu 1. Expands China in the South (including Vietnam) 2. Capital is in Beijing (“Forbidden City” is the massive palace where he lives). Will be China’s capital until the 20 th century. 3. Sponsors numerous sea voyages, to be led by a court official named Zheng He

7. III. Sea Voyages (1405-1433) A. Why would China under the Ming Dynasty have supported voyages of exploration? - Gaining Tributary States (territories under Chinese control that will pay tribute/taxes) - Demonstrates China’s power / technology - Military advantages - Chance to acquire new goods, trade routes and markets - Scientific / cultural curiosity

8. III. Sea Voyages (1405-1433) Assignment: Read over the handout. Answer the following questions: 1. Which parts of the world did Zheng He travel to? Describe the scope and scale of these voyages. 2. Explain how EACH of the five statements on the right side of the page provides reasons why the Chinese government ended the voyages of exploration.

9. Zheng He’s Voyages

10. III. Sea Voyages (1405-1433) B. China has the technological resources to explore the world, but domestic and cultural issues put an end to Chinese sea exploration. C. China enters a period of isolation while Spain and Portugal go on to explore the Americas. China falls behind!