1. Enlightenment & Immigration Chapter 2

2. Reasons for Increased Immigration Mostly England in the 1600’s Increasing population Increasing poverty Desire for religious freedom Political turmoil - Eng. Civil War, Cromwell, Glorious Revolution 1700’s, fewer British immigrants 1700’s - increased Scots/Scot-Irish & German immigrants

3. Unwilling Immigrants Not enough indentured labor to meet demand By 1700’s, Africans “officially slaves” Product of triangular trade (1.5 million to West Indies, 250,000 to Thirteen Colonies) Horrors of Middle Passage Came from diverse backgrounds/cultures Higher numbers in south due to geography, not morality Increasing cultural diffusion Runaways & rebellion (both overt and subversive)

4. The Enlightenment Immigrants brought ideas with them John Locke - Two Treatises on Gov’t Natural rights Right to revolt Montesquieu Separation of powers (exec., leg., jud.) Checks and balances Rousseau Man is born good but is corrupted by government and society

5. Ideas of Limited Government Magna Carta Habeas corpus English Bill of Rights Glorious Revolution

6. Self-Rule in America Settlers felt that they had the same right as English citizens Church structure (Protestant) promoted a more democratic style Emphasis on common law

7. Salutary Neglect History of small rebellions against individual governors Many colonies allowed to keep original charters or negotiate new ones Increasing problems in NY, rebellion in 1691, unrest off and on for next 50 years Salutary neglect England faced internal problems Colonies allowed local self-gov’t England expected cooperation & military support