1. Group Four Seeded, vascular plants (ex: angiosperm)

2. Group 4: Flowering Plants Angiosperms (flowering plants) Flower = reproductive structure –A–Attract animals to help spread pollen –F–Forms fruit to protect and spread seeds Seeds –G–Grow inside the fruit –I–Inside the seed 1. Embryo 2. Endosperm (Food supply)

3. Seed Dispersal Fruit brightly colored –Attracts animals Seeds pass through animals digestive system Seeds pooped in a new area to grow Fruit seeds in fox poop

4. Angiosperm Groups 2 groups: Based on seed type Cotyledon: embryonic leaf Two Categories: –Monocots: embryo with 1 seed leaf –Dicots: embryo with 2 seed leaves

5. Monocots vs. Dicots Know this one Know this one ehh Know this one Know this one

6. Apple Tree: Monocot or Dicot? 1 2 3 4 5 Net-like veins

7. Monocot or Dicot? 1 2 3 4 5 6

10. Veins run parallel

11. Veins run parallel

12. Veins branch outward

13. Angiosperm Life Spans Three Life Span Types: 1) Annuals –Seed grows… –Produce flowers & seeds… –Die 2) Biennials –1 st year: Seed grows and stores food –2 nd year: grows more… makes flowers & seeds… dies 3) Perennials –Live for more than 2 years –May take decades to grow fruit

14. sepals petals Reproductive structure of angiosperms Sepals –o–outer ring of leaves –p–protection Petals –I–Inner ring of leaves –B–Brightly colored to attract pollinators Male and female organs found inside Flowers

15. Tulip Pistil and Stamen male female

16. Lily Pistil and Stamen male female

17. Pistil and Stamen male female

18. Pistil and Stamen male female

19. Flowers Stamen (male) –Anther: tip of stamen, produces pollen (sperm) –Filament: supports anther Carpel/Pistil (female) –Inner most part –Stigma: sticky tip, collects pollen –Style: tube leading from stigma to ovary –Ovary: found within the base of a flower Contains eggs Grows into fruit when fertilized

20. ... Self-Pollination (A flower’s own pollen fertilizes its own egg/eggs)

21. Cross-Pollination (Pollen of one flower fertilizes egg/eggs of another flower)...

22. 1. Pollen sticks to animal (pollinator) or is released into wind. Angiosperm Life Cycle

23. 1. Pollen sticks to animal (pollinator) or is released into wind.

24. 2. Animal (pollinator) finds new flower to feed on & pollen grains land on the stigma = pollination 3. Pollen tube grows towards the ovary and 2 sperm transfer down into the ovule egg.. Let’s zoom in and look inside the ovule

25. 4. Angiosperms go through the process of double fertilization. 1 sperm fuse with the egg = zygote 1 sperm fuse with the polar nuclei = triploid (3n) endosperm Endosperm(3n)Endosperm(3n) Z y g o t e Double Fertilization Ovule inside ovary

26. Endosperm Seed Coat Embryo 5. Each ovule becomes a seed. 6. The surrounding ovary grows into a fruit.

27. 7. Flower dries up and fruit falls to ground.

28. 8. Animals eat fruit….seeds come out the other end…

29. 9. Seeds get dispersed. 10. Seed germinates (sporophyte), and the cycle starts over. Ground

30. Plant typeGametophyteSporophyte Dominant Phase? Seedless nonvascular (Moss) More familiar, carpet-like plant that produces specialized gametes XX - Archegonium XY – Antheridium Stalk with cup at tip, which is where spores are produced. GAMETOPHYTE Seedless vascular (Fern) Haploid plant body (prothallus) is size of a finger nail, produces both male and female parts More familiar, leafy plant with clusters of spore producing sacs (sori) SPOROPHYTE Seeded vascular Gymnosperm (Conifer) Pollen grains are male gametophytes  develop into sperm, female gametophytes are microscopic  produce eggs More familiar- like pine trees, produces male and female cones that produce spores SPOROPHYTE Flowers (Angiosperm) Pollen grains are male gametophytes  2 haploid cells = pollen tube + sperm Female gametophyte in ovule  egg + 2 polar nuclei More familiar - apple tree, peach tree, zucchini, berries, etc. Contain flowers that produce male and female spores SPOROPHYTE