1. The Great War 1914 - 1918

2. MAIN Causes of World War I MAINMAIN ILITARISM LLIANCES ATIONALISM MPERIALISM

3.  Arms race begins.  Militarism – policy of glorifying military power, preparing army Militarism

4. Alliances Germany Italy Great Britain France Russia Triple Entente Triple Alliance

5. Imperialism  Competition of colonies causes mistrust between nations.  The need to protect growing empires results in militarism.

6. Nationalism in Europe  Peace of the 1800’s is hiding growing problems in Europe.  Growing nationalism leads to competition between nations.  Nationalism – pride in or devotion to ones country.

7. Assassination  Serbian nationalist kills Archduke Franz Ferdinand, member of the royal Austro-Hungarian royal family in 1914.

9. The Point of No Return: The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Austria blamed Serbia for Ferdinand’s death and declared war on Serbia. Russia pledged their support for Serbia. · example of Slavic nationalism Germany pledged their support for Austria -Hungary. · example of German nationalism Germany declares war on Russia.

10. France pledges their support for Russia. Germany declares war on France. Germany invades Belgium on the way to France. Great Britain supports Belgium and declares war on Germany. Italy switches sides and joins Allies when promised land from Britain in Treaty of London

11. World War I Allied Powers: Central Powers: Great Britain France Russia Italy Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire

12. Armies March

13. Two Sides  By August of 1914 there are two sides at war in Europe.  By the end of the war 32 nations will have participated in the war on one side or another.

14. Bloody Stalemate  Western Front – heavy battle zone in Northern France  Schlieffen Plan – German plan to quickly defeat France and then turn against Russia.  Germans quickly advance on Paris reaching the outskirts.  Forced to retreat after First Battle of the Marne  Plan fails, Germany has to fight two-front war

15. Schlieffen Plan

16. Trench Warfare  Conflict descends into trench warfare – armies fighting from trenches.  Battle leads to slaughter on both sides, little gain from fighting.  Life in trenches is miserable, difficult, unsanitary  Massive Losses in battles of Verdun and Somme

17. Eastern Front  Eastern Front – site of main fighting along the German and Russian border.  Russians push into Austria and Germany, but soon forced to retreat.

18. Russia Struggles  Russia is suffering by 1916, many casualties, few supplies.  Huge army keeps Russia in the fight.  Prevents Germany from sending troops to Western Front.