1. Bell Ringer: CRIMEA Crimea’s allegiance to Russia:
Quick History Ukraine – Russia
What and Where is Crimea?
What is their connection to Russia?
VIDEO (5:08)
Post WWI Ukraine is defeated and divided so Russia takes them under wing Lenin and Communism
1922: Ukraine and Russia founded the Soviet Union s: Famine and strict control from Russia (Stalin) 600K Ukranians killed (80% of Cultural Elite and 75% Ukrainian Military leadership).
1940s: WWII – 5-8M Ukranians/Soviet Military lost (1/2 Mil executed by Nazis). Lost 40% wealth.
1950s: Industrial/Agricultural/Cultural boom: Ukraine becomes leader in U.S.S.R. for farming, military machine production (planes, tanks etc).
1986: Chernobyl – USSR begins to crumble – Distlike of Soviet due to loss of funds over years of Arms Race w/US – Ukraine wants to leave.
Aug 1991: Ukranian Independence as the other SSrs drop too.
1991-’99: Lost 60% GDP
2009: Russia stops Natural Gas flow into Ukraine during cold winter.
2010: The Ukraine considers joining the EU (angers Russia)…Flip Flop leadership (Ukraine wants EU – Crimea wants Russia)
2013: Finally gives in to Putin pressure and signs deal w/Russia NO EU! People demonstrate in Kiev. Crimea wants Russia.
2014: Russia takes over in Crimea and angers the West…pleases most of Crimea.

2. CRIMEA Crimea and Russia 2013 450 BC 1700
CRIMEA or “Taurica” got it’s start as a Greek colony which is apparent from the ruins scattered around the peninsula. It then was occupied by Rome through (AD 250) then was invaded or occupied successively by the Goths, the Huns (376), the Bulgars (4th–8th century), and the Khazars (8th century),
CRIMEA finally became a “Kievan” “Rus” territory in the mid-900’s. Its been culturally a part of those peoples since.
1700
Crimea and Russia
2013

3. RUSSIAN “EXCLAVE” UKRANIAN “ENCLAVE”
1700s: Crimea Conquered by Russia (Catherine the Great)
1954: Crimea leaves Russia for the Ukraine…blessed by the Soviet leadership due to their growing power and success.
Today: 80% Russian heritage in Crimea w/60% using Russian as primary language. Home of Russia’s Black Sea Naval Fleet. So Crimea is sort of a Russian “Exclave” and an “Enclave” within the Ukraine….ethnically speaking of course. A true Exclave/Enclave situation was West Berlin…which was an Exclave of the Allies and an Enclave within Soviet Owned East Germany.

4. CRIMEA Crimea votes YES for Russia
What did Putin (Russian Prez) do when the US and EU announced sanctions on Russia?
What do the people of Crimea think of Russia?
Also…Latest (3/19/14) Putin announces may change stance on Iran and its Nuclear program.

5. Video BA 3/23
1. What is the history behind the region of Crimea within the Ukraine?
2. Why was Putin and Russia compelled to occupy the Crimean peninsula?
3. What did the US and EU do in response?
4. What did Putin and the Ukraine do that may have unraveled the West’s plans for a solution?
5. What do YOU think will be the outcome?
Explain your answers in detail.
These are the questions the students will answer in groups (2-5 per group). Students will answer question 5 ON THEIR OWN.
The US and EU will levy sanctions on Russia so in response Putin convinces Crimeans to vote and drops admonishment of Iran and will support Iran’s acquisition of Uranium enrichment. The outcome might be that Russia will likely annex Crimea and squash protests deeper into the Ukraine (Kiev).

6. Culture of Russia and Northern Eurasia
Chapters 17-18
SSWG6
The student will describe the interaction of physical and human systems that have shaped contemporary Europe.
f. Analyze the impact of geography on Russia in terms of population distribution, trade, and involvement in European affairs.
g. Analyze the environmental issues associated with industrial and natural resource development in Europe, including Russia.

7. Origins of People Russia:
People came from Mongolia, China, & Central Asia
Fleeing droughts and wars
Largest group were Slavs
Slavs: People who settled Russia, Ukraine, & Belarus
All spoke the same language (Slavic)
Eventually spread to Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia
Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus have many similarities in language, religion, and customs
Use Cyrillic alphabet
One of most used writing systems in the world

8. Cyrillic Alphabet

9. Origins of People continued
Central Asia:
Turkish ethnic groups & language
Northern region has nomads
Nomads: people who move often from one place to another
Move herds to different pastures with changing seasons

10. Nomads

11. Religion Christianity became popular before the Mongol invasion
Main religion is Eastern Orthodox Christianity
Eastern Orthodox Christianity: believe they are the authentic & original Christian Church established by Jesus Christ & his Apostles

12. Religion continued
Almost every city and village kept religion during Communism
Increase in Islamic religion recently

13. Urban Life Russia, Ukraine, & Belarus have large cities
More than 2/3 of population live in cities
Largest urban area is Moscow, Russia
Countries are losing population

14. 3 reasons for population decline
1. Emigration
2. Low birthrates
3. Poor health care due to collapse of Soviet Union

15. Culture Today Food is based on the cold climate Homes:
Eat hardy grains, bread, and barley soup
Borscht: traditional soup using beets, cabbage, potatoes and meat
Homes:
North: have forests and wooden houses
South: less forests: sod homes or built into ground

16. Russian Culture

17. Culture continued Matryoshka doll: Russian nesting doll
Faberge Egg: egg made of emeralds and jewels
Given as an Easter gift from the Czar to his wife
69 were made, 61 exist today
Russian ballet
Hockey, figure skating, and gymnastics very popular

18. Cultural Conflict in Russia
Large diversity in Russia – 60 Ethnic Groups
Different ethnic groups cause conflict
Ethnic groups want to split from Russia or create new countries
Former USSR left many Russian enclaves & sour feelings for Russia
Enclave: a small, distinct area or group enclosed within a larger one
2 recent episodes of enclave conflict:
A. Chechnya
B. Crimea

19. Chechnya and Russian Conflict
Wanted independence after USSR collapsed
Different culture and language than Russia
Russia refused independence & war erupted
Area full of rich oil fields
First War: 7,500 Russian troops dead; 15,000 Chechen troops; 35,000 Chechen civilians
Chechnya lost war

20. Chechnya and Russian Conflict
Second Chechen War: In 1999, apartment bombings in Russian cities, including Moscow
Blamed on Chechen rebels
Russians started air raids and bombings of Chechnya
Ground assault led to death of former Chechen president and Chechen surrender
More than 150,000 refugees have fled their homes
Battle continues today

23. Chechen Rebels Attacks
FIX

24. Russian Response to Rebels
FIX

25. Georgia and Russian Conflict
Georgia gained independence when Soviet Union collapsed
Country holds major oil and gas pipelines
Enemy of Russia
Helped Chechens in First Chechen War
Parts of Georgia wanted to join Russia
Abkhazia and South Ossetia
Known for ethnic violence and war

26. Conflict continued July 2008: Ossetia started to fight Georgian army
Georgia responded with troops and missiles
Russia accused Georgia of murdering 1,600 Ossetian civilians
Accusations were false
August 2008: Russia attacked Georgia
Brought in army and bombings
Pushed Georgian army out of area
4 days later peace plan set up
Gives Ossetia and Abkhazia independence

29. Ukraine
Ukraine as a nation made its first appearance on a map after fall of U.S.S.R.
It has been dominated by its neighbors year after year

30. Where in the world is the Ukraine?

31. Ukraine under the Ottoman Empire

32. It was once part of the Russian Empire

33. Then it became part of the U.S.S.R.

34. Ukraine was gone…

35. During its USSR “occupation”
Millions of Ukrainians starved during 1930s
The Holodomor was a man-made famine
Killed up to 7.5 million
Caused by bad politics & natural disasters

36. Ukraine Shift in Population
Ukraine’s mineral deposits, natural gas, & access to the Black Sea is in Eastern Ukraine
Many USSR ethnic Russians were encouraged to move to Eastern Ukraine to work
This changed Ukraine ethnically
Ethnically Russians in the east, ethnically Ukraine in the west

37. USSR fell and 15 nations became independent

38. Ukraine was born in July 1990

39. Ukraine Nation What It Looks Like On A Map

40. Ukraine Population and Railroad

41. The Big Difference

43. Ukraine Joining EU
Some in Ukraine want it to join the EU so that it can grow closer to Western Europe
This could help their economy
Russia does not like this

44. Ukraine Provinces

45. Crimea The Crimea peninsula jets out into Black Sea
It has been an important Russian/USSR positioning for its navy
Russia has an agreement with Ukraine to stage its Black Sea Fleet in Sevastopol until 2045.
Crimea is only area that has an ethnic Russian majority

46. Russia’s Latest Actions
2014: Ukrainian president refuses to sign agreement to join the EU
Feb. 2014: Ukraine becomes the sole state language at all levels
Feb. 2014: pro-EU Ukrainians protest/riot president not signing agreement forcing president to flee

47. Protests

48. Violence in Kiev, Ukraine

49. Latest Actions continued
Feb. 2014: Thousands of pro-Russian and pro-Ukraine clashed in Simferopol (capital of Crimea)
March 2014: The Russian parliament granted President Putin the authority to use military force in Ukraine to protect Russians in Crimea
Sent troops to Crimea & took over Ukrainian military bases
March 2014: Crimean people vote to join Russia

50. Why is this a big deal?
Has there been a history of a nation occupying another to protect a group of ethnic peoples?
In 1938 Nazi Germany occupied and annexed Austria.
Primary reason, “The German Reich is no longer willing to tolerate the suppression of ten million Germans across its borders..”
He was referring to both Austria and Czechoslovakia (would be taken later in 1938)