2. Obesity By: Mr. Driscoll

3. What is Obesity? Obesity is…… an excess of body fat the result when the size or number of fat cells in a person's body increases When a person consumes more food than is needed to provide for all of the day's activities, including work and exercise, excess body fat will accumulate. Over time this can result in obesity.

4. Obesity - Technical Definition Obesity: when the percentage of body fat, exceeds 5% of the average percentage for that age and sex classification.

5. A individual with a BMI of 30 or more is considered obese. This applies to both men and women. BMI (Body Mass Index) is a measure expressing the relationship of weight-to-height. It is more highly correlated with body fat than any other indicator of height and weight.

6. Calculating your BMI To convert pounds to kilograms divide by 2.2. To convert inches to meters multiply by 0.0254. 176 lbs = 80 kg69 in = 1.75m BMI = 80 / (1.75)(1.75) = 26.1

7. Adult Wt|Ht Obesity Chart

8. Results of Obesity Causes/Related Factors of Obesity Low activity levelsDiet Genetic EnvironmentalSocialEconomic PsychologicalBehavioral Biological 20 to 50% of adults have a weight problem obesity brings many health hazards with it, including……. heart attacks, strokes and diabetes with all of its complications. Obesity is a serious concern to all health care practitioners.

9. Hypotheses: Obesity is on the rise in Canada in recent years Obesity is more prevalent in cities with a higher amount of fast food joints per capita Cities with a higher average income will have a lower percentage of obesity Cities whose population eats healthier will have a smaller percentage of obesity

10. #1 - Obesity is rising in Canada in recent years Correlation coefficient, r = 0.913

11. There is a strong positive correlation between time and % of obesity. In the year 2020, if the current trend continues, we can expect 20.6% of Canadians to be obese.

12. #2 - Obesity is more prevalent in cities with a higher # of fast food joints per capita

13. Correlation coefficient, r = 0.518073354

14. The correlation between # of fast food outlets and % of obesity is a: moderate positive If we use this model in Peterborough to predict the % of obesity … Pop = 75,000 # of Top 10 fast food outlets = 41 So 5.47 ff outlets per 10,000 people

15. So, we expect 37.6% of Peterborough residents to be considered obese.

16. #3 - Cities with a higher average income will have a lower percentage of obesity I feel that most healthy foods are more expensive to buy, so those cities with a higher average income should be purchasing healthier foods and, as a result, have a lower percentage of obesity.

17. Correlation coefficient, r = -0.173493516

18. The correlation between average income and % of obesity is a: weak negative Since this was a weak negative, I thought it would be worth testing one more related hypothesis: #4 - Cities that eat healthier will have a smaller percentage of obesity

19. Correlation coefficient, r = -0.212602916

20. The correlation between % eating 5 or more fruits/veggies per day and % of obesity is a: weak negative Although this was a weak negative, I felt better that it was at least stronger than the correlation in hypothesis #3.

21. Hypotheses were not as strong as expected I believe that this occurred because the % of obesity data collected from Canadian cities did not vary significantly. I did some one variable analysis on the % of obesity data to determine if this was true…..

22. % of Obesity – One Variable Analysis Mean = 25.32 Median = 25.7 Range = 24.7 = 6.55 Q1 = 19.7, Q3 = 30.7

23. Conclusions The strongest correlations As time, % obesity in Canada (not a good model for predicting the future) As # of FF outlets, % obesity (a reasonable predictor)

24. Conclusions (cont.) The weaker correlations As average income, % obesity As healthy eating, % obesity These correlations may have been stronger if data was collected from more Canadian cities or included American cities.

25. References http://www.obesitycanada.com/ http://www.statscan.com/

26. Questions ???