1. RS/GIS Techniques for Rehabilitation /Reconstruction

2. Disaster Rehabilitation/ Reconstruction In common parlance, disaster rehabilitation involves methodical steps for bringing changes in the disaster affected site, with a view of ensuring long-term recovery. Disaster rehabilitation may be considered a transitional phase between immediate relief and recovery. It refers to actions taken in the aftermath of a disaster to enable basic services to resume functioning, assist victims’ self-help efforts to repair physical damages, revive economic activities; and provide support for the psychological and social well-being of the survivors. Disaster rehabilitation/reconstruction involves both institutional arrangements and physical/structural repairing

4. Institutional Arrangements

5. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS - PRINCIPLES AND RECOMMENDATIONS Efficient Delivery Put in place core institutional arrangement (nodal agencies) at federal and provincial levels– Clarity of roles in policy, coordination, M&E/reporting, fund flow/management and implementations Equity Transparency Policy/strategy/criteria for equitable resource allocation among provinces/regions based on damages sustained and the associated disaster risks for reconstruction Accountability Pro-active program and strategic communications (disclosure) on Rehab and Reconstruction (RR), selection criteria, identification methodology, design standards, procurements, implementation and independent oversight and monitoring – public domain, Public Accounts Committee, civil society Enhanced fiduciary safeguards and risk mitigation capacities and measures – establish internal and external controls – country systems, special systems for RR projects building on what exists to meet donor requirement/harmonization – upfront challenge

6. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS - PRINCIPLES AND RECOMMENDATIONS Coordination Indiginizing best practices Subsidiarity Socially responsive Effective coordination between agencies (donors), sectors and geographic areas, through sectoral, national, provincial and district level coordination fora Fast-tracking procedures and systems for RR implementation – procurement, approvals and hiring of human resource and consultants – training to use existing and new fast tracking systems Implementation responsibility, systems and capacities delegated to the lowest level of government – more ownership and accountability Timely and effective response to safeguards, grievances and complaints – to carry the additional RR load (individual and institutional

7. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS - PRINCIPLES AND RECOMMENDATIONS Planning and Budgeting Monitoring and Evaluation Realistic planning and budgeting – basic tools to fix responsibility for achieving results – weakest link Effective internal and external (third party) monitoring and evaluation of RR inputs, outputs, process and results – clearly defined roles at the federal and provincial levels and for outsourcing–built on and integrate with what we have

8. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS - PRINCIPLES AND RECOMMENDATIONS

10. To Delineate breaches in flood protective infrastructure and observe the restoration process using satellite remote sensing technologies/GIS Objectives

11. The methodology for delineation of breaches and mapping of embankments rehabilitation work consists of four phases : Satellite data and study area selection Pre-Floods Study: Identification of Breach Vulnerable Areas During-Flood Study: Delineation of Breaches Post-Flood Study: Validating the Breaches Rehabilitation Status Methodology

12. Methodology Flowchart

13. The study area comprises Indus River flood plain affected by floods of 2010 Parameters considered for selecting satellite data; Satellite images, should not be elected of very next dates after the flood because it keeps on eroding due to the flash flow of water. It is necessary to compare pre-flood and post-flood images in order to ensure that the embankment is not already damaged. Selection of post-flood images in later dates after the decrease of water level Satellite data and study area selection