1. Nuclear Proliferation
Lesson 1– The NPT

2. Objectives
Students will differentiate between nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons.
Students will explain the history and purpose of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
Students will examine current issues facing the global community surrounding nuclear weapons.
Students will formulate opinions about the use and regulation of nuclear weapons.

3. Warm Up Reading What are weapons of mass destruction?
Nuclear, chemical, biological
Inflict mass casualties & destruction

4. Compare & Contrast Types of WMD’s
Identify as much as you know about each of these three types of WMDs
Work with your North partner!
Biological
Nuclear
Chemical
Biological - Living Organisms: viruses, bacteria, fungi, toxins. Spread deadly disease…slowly. Portable…Kill large #’s.
9/11 Anthrax, ebola, small pox, bubonic plague
1972 BWC- 169 states
Chemical - Non-living toxins. Incapacitate, injure, kill. Affect eyes, skin, organs, blood, nerves.
Sarin gas in Tokyo subway 1995, mustard gas WW1.
1992 CWC- 175 states
Nuclear - Atomic/Hydrogen Bombs. Explosion- Radioactivity. Kill large #’s. Destroy infrastructure
Hiroshima/Nagasaki WW2.

5. History of Nuclear Proliferation
1945 – US 1st A-Bombs, end WW2
1946 – Baruch Plan
1949 – USSR 1st A-Bomb
1950’s – GB, FRA, China detonate
Sputnik – Proliferation
Geneva Accords
1957 – IAEA Created
1962 – Partial Test-Ban Treaty after Cuban Crisis
1968 – UN proposes Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
1970 – NPT Official

6. Physical Effects of an Atomic Bomb Explosion
ation.com/search
Review the effects of nuclear weapons
Give Handout

7. NPT Controls dvpt, spread, use of nuclear technology 3 Goals:
Non-proliferation
Disarmament
Fair access for peaceful use
Signed March 5, 1970
43 Original, 189 Today

8. NPT Categories Non-Nuclear Weapons States (NNWS)
Nuclear Weapons States (NWS)
Exploded device prior Jan 1967
US-USSR-GB-France – China
Can‘t transfer weapons/info
Non-Nuclear Weapons States (NNWS)
Don’t /Won’t have
Technology for peaceful use
IAEA Monitoring

9. NPT Articles V – Share at lowest possible cost (free?)
VI – Agree to disarm negotiations
VII – Can make own disarm treaties
VIII – Meet every 5 yrs
I – NWS can’t transfer weapons/info to NNWS
II – NNWS won’t receive weapons/info
III – NNWS won’t turn peace into weapons, IAEA monitoring
IV – All R&D peaceful tech, free exchange info/tech, share w/dvp world

10. Predictions Think Pair Share
List the top 5 countries with Nuclear Weapons in order

11. Activity: Mapping the Nuclear World
Using your smartphones search “Choices Mapping the Nuclear World”
Click on the site
Then click on the Nuclear Weapons map under “Resources”

13.
Red Box: Ballistic Missiles with over 1,000 km range
Yellow nation is myanmar

14. NPT NWS – Big 5 Non-NPT Nuclear States Suspected Programs
India & Pakistan (Never signed)
N.Korea (Quit ‘93, ‘03)
Iran (NPT Member)
Suspected Programs
Israel (Never signed)
Syria/Myanmar

15. Importance? Prevents proliferation Regulations
Sets stage for future negotiation
Review Conference every 5 yrs (May 2010)

16. Current Challenges Universality Non-Compliance Black Market
Nonsigners –Israel, India, Pakistan
Non-Compliance
Iran
1/11/ html
N.Korea
Helping Syria & Myanmar?
Black Market
Terrorism
Theft/Illegal Sales
Mordechai Vanunu is a former Israeli nuclear technician who, citing his opposition to weapons of mass destruction, revealed details of Israel's nuclear weapons program to the British press in He has been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize many times.

17. Closure
Do you view nuclear proliferation as inconsequential or agree with efforts to limit the spread and numbers of nuclear weapons?

18. tries and their nuclear weapons
Country
Operational and strategic weapons*
Total arsenal**
SOURCE: FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SCIENTISTS, AS OF 6 MARCH 2012
Russia
2,430
10,000 US
1,950
8,500
France
290
300
China
240 UK
160
225
Pakistan
90-110
India
80-100
Israel 80
North Korea
Fewer than 10
Interactive Map