1. The Eukaryotes 12b: Fungi

2. Cell wall Fungal Morphology mold hypha/ae coenocytic

3. “fairy ring”

4. budding yeast Other: fission yeast pseudohypha Fungal Morphology yeast bud Dimorphic?

5. Asexual Sporangiospore /Conidiospores

6. General Fungal Life Cycle (based on having haploid adults) plasmogamy karyogamy zygote

7. Nutrition all chemoheterotrophic, extracellular digestion saprobes parasites, predators mutualists Mycosis systemic subcutaneous cutaneous superficial

9. Rhizopus nigricans

10. Mucor spp. Absidia spp.

11. Microsporidia = Microspora Example: Nosema spp. (N. connori and N. ocularum) Ocular & GI infections Microspora spp. Polar filament

13. dikaryon inside ascus (Eu)penicillium plasmogamy karyogamy

14. Saccharomyces cerevisiae = baker’s & “top”-brewing yeast S. pastorianus = “bottom”-brewing yeast S. bayanus = champagne yeast Neurospora

15. Morchella spp. = morels Tuber spp. = truffles Gourmet items ascus ascocarp (made of dikaryotic hyphae) (side-cut view)

17. “ (San Joaquin) Valley fever”

18. Aspergillus A. flavus A. niger A. oryzae aspergillosis

19. Candida albicans Pneumocystis carinii/jirovecki “thrush” “yeast infection” = candidiasis, balanitis (male) “PC”

20. Dermatophytes Trichophyton spp. Microsporum spp. Epidermophyton floccosum “ringworm” = “Tinea ____” onychomycosis

21. Sporothrix Stachybotrys

22. Claviceps -> ergot ergometrine ergotamine lysergic acid grain

24. plasmogamy Karyogamy inside basidia zygote Mushroom life cycle

25. Ustilago maydis = corn smut = huitlacoche/cuitlacoche Most used edible mushroom: Agaricus Lentinula edodes = shiitake

26. Amanita spp. some edible, some poisonous Amanita muscaria = fly agaric death cap The Destroying Angel Amanita virosa, A. verna, A. bisporigera, & A. ocreata Amanita calyptrata

27. Gyromitra esculentum = false morel Cortinarius gentilis Can be dangerous Amanita muscaria = fly agaric

28. ear & jelly fungus brackets bolete puffball Some other basidios stinkhorn Bird’s nest

29. Cryptococcus neoformans

30. Malasezzia furfur can cause pityriasis

31. Disappearing “phylum” Deuteromycetes = imperfect fungi AspergillusPenicilliumFusarium

32. endotrophic mycorrhiza Symbiosis: mycorrhizae

33. crustose foliose Symbiosis: lichens fruticose

34. Usnea: usnic acid Roccella: litmus & dye Useful lichens