1. Warm-up: What does democracy mean?

2. Reconstruction & Evolving Democracy

3. Democracy “Ideas” Worth of an individual Equality of all persons Majority rule, minority rights** Necessity of compromise Individual freedom

4. Democracy “Institutions” an organization, establishment, foundation, society, or the like, devoted to the promotion of a particular cause or program Constitution Government Freedom Bill of Rights

5. Democracy-- “Political Processes” Citizen participation Free and fair elections Voting

6. Changing Role of Government During Reconstruction Separation of Powers: basic principle of American system of government that the executive, legislative, and judicial powers are divided among three independent and coequal branches of government recon sp

7. Changing Role of Government during Reconstruction Checks and balances: System of overlapping the powers of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches to permit each branch to check the actions of the others recon cb

9. Changing Role of Government during Reconstruction Federalism: A system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central, or national, government and several regional governments recon fed

11. Evolution of Democracy During Reconstruction 13 th Amendment 14 th Amendment 15 th Amendment Majority rule—Minority rights Constitution Civil Rights

12. Separation of Powers: struggle between Executive and Legislative branches – Radical Republicans thought Lincoln’s plan was a threat to Congressional authority back

13. Checks and Balances President Johnson vetoed bills passed by Radical Republicans Congress managed to override 15 of 29 vetoes Congress tried to curb power of presidency with the Tenure of Office Act/which President Johnson thought was unconstitutional/when he violated it he was impeached by the House of Representatives back

14. Federalism: there was no shared power between the Federal gov’t and Southern State gov’ts--- Federal gov’t told them what to do and instilled martial law until they acquiesced – Lincoln’s & Johnson’s plan insisted on Southern approval of the 13 th Amendment – States’ rights back

15. All... will bear in mind this sacred principle, that though the will of the majority is in all cases to prevail, that will to be rightful must be reasonable; that the minority possess their equal rights, which equal law must protect and to violate would be oppression.  Thomas Jefferson back