1. Senior Seminar 2 Winter 2009 ISP 4860 Section 002 (Bowen) Class 1, January 14 Course web site: www.is.wayne.edu/drbowen/SenSemW09

2. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 2 Starting Off Things to do:  Initial the signin sheet (every week)  Pick up a copy of the Syllabus Review of Syllabus  Meeting next two weeks in Computer Lab C (Room 3150) in the Undergraduate Library  Semester assignment: 25-page research paper Suggested format: five Chapters with suggested topics, each Chapter averaging five pages

3. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 3 Review of Syllabus Contact information for David Bowen Office hours Textbooks and other references Assignment schedule Listing of normal Chapter topics for paper Grading scale  10% means one letter grade  Strong push to get drafts in, keep up to date

4. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 4 Review of Syllabus Grade Appeals Accommodations Plagiarism  What it is  Consequences  When it usually happens

5. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 5 Paper Topics Overall – “the human footprint” on earth Your paper zeroes in on one subtopic  List in right column of assignment schedule on Pg 2 of Syllabus  Seven sections, five Chapters – also Pg 2 “References” not in MLA style Part of each class on information for each subtopic Read “your” Chapter in SOP ASAP

6. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 6 During Each Class… Info on human footprint and subtopics Research requirements  Number and quality of references  Research notebooks  References and citations  You will find large numbers of references in these areas Writing  One aspect  Class writing activity

7. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 7 During Each Class… Also some time on the US / World financial crisis – why?  It’s fun  Something to do with Economy and Development  But also a large system that we do not understand Like the ecosystem We depend on the ecosystem – Ecosystem Services We do not understand it as well as we think we do, so we should be cautious here

8. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 8 Moodle In this course, turn work in and get it back online using Moodle (alternative to BlackBoard) Moodle site for this course not set up yet Look at a site for another course  http://tools.comm.wayne.edu/moodle http://tools.comm.wayne.edu/moodle Pictures for Moodle this week and next week – be ready How to use – two weeks, UGL Comp Lab 3

9. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 9 Course Website http://www.is.wayne.edu/drbowen/SenSemW09 What is/will be there:  All handouts and class notes  Link to Moodle  Link to Libraries  News stories related to course  Original documents related to course Miss a class? Download materials, review, ask questions before next class

10. Financial Crisis

11. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 11 Financial Crisis “Bailout” – bad term, not what economists are afraid of The $1 economy The economy as a wheel – the money wheel  If the money moves quickly, we all get more of it, but we have to spend it quickly  If we stop spending, the wheel stops  If we slow our spending, everyone slows down, everyone gets poor and anxious

12. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 12 Financial Crisis Our economy relies on credit  All electronic money is credit, for example  Credit can be moved around the money wheel much faster than cash  If we had to use cash, the money wheel would turn much more slowly – we would all be much poorer Banks must work to lend money quickly if the money wheel is to spin quickly

13. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 13 Financial Crisis Brief history: 1.High investor demand for mortgages 2.Risky mortgages sold, then resold to investors such as banks (“toxic assets”) 3.“Housing bubble” burst, house prices fell 4.Foreclosures, bank sales at low prices, more foreclosures 5.House buyers wait for lower prices, sales fall, house prices fall again, etc.

14. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 14 Financial Crisis Brief history: 6.Banks can’t sell toxic assets, don’t know how much they are worth, don’t know how much the banks are worth, get nervous, hoard cash 7.Banks stop lending, money wheel slows down for everyone 8.“Real economy” starts downward spiral 9.Job losses, more foreclosures, housing prices drop, people walk away from houses 10.If people get used to this, gets hard to stop

15. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 15 Financial Crisis Banks and funds don’t want to admit they may be in trouble  Then people take their money out and they fail (go out of business) What scares economists is that there is no obvious way to stop this vicious circle, there is no obvious bottom point  The whole economy could come to a halt  No credit, no jobs, no food supply, no …

16. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 16 Financial Crisis If everyone spends their money the way they see fit, does the economy work well?  Yes: Milton Friedman, 1912 - 2006. Dominated recent economics. If government borrows money, that drives up interest rates, innovation slows, economy slows  No: John Maynard Keynes, 1183 – 1946. Government is “the spender of last resort” and must tax/borrow and spend to kick-start the money wheel, to stimulate the economy

17. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 17 Financial Crisis Keynes’s ideas dominated during and after the Great Depression. Friedman’s ideas dominated recently, up until about a year ago.  Now economists are mostly educated on Friedman’s ideas  Those ideas are not working in the present crisis  If your future is iffy, conserve your cash, curb your spending (banks too)

18. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 18 Financial Crisis If your future is iffy, conserve your cash, curb your spending (banks too)  But this makes the economy worse – for everyone – layoffs, unable to borrow, etc. Now most economists are becoming Keynesians, but without the training and discussions, so we are making it up as we go along

19. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 19 Financial Crisis Obama: then do everything to force spending Bernanke (Fed): but this may not be enough – may have to fix toxic assets Bailout is not the purpose – getting the money wheel moving is Tax rebates don’t work well for this – people don’t spend them

20. The Human Footprint

21. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 21 The Human Footprint Quick review of subtopics – all interlocked  Population  Urbanization  Development / disease  Food / fish  Failed States  Water  Ecosystem services  Energy / Global Warming  Sustainability  Consumption & waste  Land: dwelling & food  Tragedy of Commons

22. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 22 The Human Footprint Refers to total human impact on earth  Includes how we affect ourselves US is not typical – we are at the rich end Many systems world depends on are stretched now Will get worse  Earth’s population 6.6 B now, headed for 9.4 B – ↑ 50%

23. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 23 Human Population (Billions) Region2007 Pop2050 UN est. World6.69.1 China1.31.4 India1.01.5 US0.310.41 Europe0.730.65 More Developed1.2 Less Developed5.47.8 Least Developed0.801.7

24. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 24 The Human Footprint Footprint will get larger  Rest of humanity wants to be like developed world  US ~4.5% of population  For example, we consume 20 M Bbl/day of petroleum, whole world consumes 80 (US 25%)  Factor of 5.6 greater if they achieve our current lifestyle

25. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 25 The Human Footprint Will get worse  Plus safety factor because systems are stretched now, maybe 1.5  Total increase in consumption: 1.5 (population) × 5.6 (consumption) × 1.5 (safety) = 12.6  No one knows how to produce this much more in any aspect  THEREFORE: future will be VERY different

26. Your Research Paper

27. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 27 Scope: Three Aspects The range or scope for each topic has six aspects: a.Adequacy of current supply b.Adequacy if current trends continue  Population, development c.New technology and methods d.Sustainability e.Subtopic scope: all types (e.g. for food), a class of types (e.g. grains) or one type (e.g. rice) f.Geographical scope: worldwide, regional or national? (NOT local, e.g. Detroit))

28. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 28 Choosing Your Scope On your own, you can narrow one of f or g by one level If you want to narrow two aspects or more than one level of the scope, you need to:  Describe what you want to do  Get my approval If, when you submit your topic on Moodle, you just use the one-word topic, you are choosing the full scope (all 3 aspects)

29. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 29 Stick With Your Choice Last semester, many people said they kept changing their topic because they “found more research resources” on another topic  They did not finish the paper (did not even get a good start)  You will be able to find more than enough resources on any one of these topics  If you do change topic, you have to repost on Moodle. Do not erase old topic, just put the new one underneath

30. Writing

31. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 31 Teaching Writing Last semester, I spent a lot of course time and on writing, and grading time on correcting writing problems It didn’t seem to make any difference  Those who wrote well coming in, did well  Those who could not write, didn’t seem to apply anything we went over What to do?

32. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 32 #1 Reason for Writing To organize your own thinking #1 Way to Good Writing Have something you want to say #1 Way to Find Mistakes Read your Essay out loud to yourself, and listen

33. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 33 www.is.wayne.edu/olgt then link to Writing Guide, or use The Everyday Writer Writing Center in 2310 UGL / 313-577- 2544 Many of you have heard this before, but the problem is applying this stuff More Examples and Details

34. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 34 Common Writing Problems Functional grammar  Rules of grammar have a purpose – to transmit meaning  Rules of grammar are always changing  Different grammars for different groups  Get too far from the group’s grammar and you are not understood (must change with changes)  The further you get from the group’s grammar, the harder it is to understand you

35. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 35 Common Writing Problems Functional grammar Being able to use good standard grammar is like dressing well for a job interview

36. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 36 Writing Write one-half page on how this semester is starting out for you – fifteen minutes  Give a clear overall impression of your experience  Give specific examples in an organized manner  No spelling or grammar standards as long as meaning is clear Group critique – read yours aloud to the group Whole group discusses each piece and makes suggestions for improvements, you take notes Rewrite, turn both in

37. 1/14/09ISP 4860 Section 002 Winter 2009 37 For Next Week… Have:  Three-ring research binder  3½-inch floppy diskette labeled with your name, or a USB flash drive, any capacity Next two weeks: class meets in Computer Lab C (Room 3150) UGL, then back here  A way to access an email account using a web browser – do you know your password? Be ready for Moodle picture