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Published byErick Alexander Modified over 9 years ago
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Electrical Engineering CHAPTER 14
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Electrical Engineering (404) Electricity is all around us. It runs our homes, offices and schools. Designing and developing electrical systems is what electrical engineers do. All electrical appliances (like toasters) & electronic devices depend on electrical circuits. Electrical components (diodes and transistors) are called semiconductors and are made of silicon.
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Electrical Circuits (404) The conventional current flow is from the positive terminal to the negative terminal.
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Types of Current (404) AC Alternating current charges continuously change direction forward and back at 60 Hz Example: outlets (approx 120 V) DC Direct current charges move in one direction Example: batteries
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Power Supply (404) For a electrical or electronic circuit to work, it needs a power supply. Read p.463 for examples of power supplies.
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Conduction (404) The wires in our circuits must be made of a conductive material. Usually copper. Other things besides wires can conduct. The human body can conduct electricity. Printed Circuits (466)are an electrical circuit printed on a solid support. They can also be called circuit boards.
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Insulators (404) a. Insulators are poor conductors. b. They prevent electricity from leaving the wire. c. Example: rubber and plastic
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Protection (404) Our homes are equipped with fuses and circuit breakers which are there to prevent serious accidents. Example: When too many appliances are plugged into an outlet, the electricity goes out.
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Resistance (466) It limits the flow of electrons. It is usually indicated with a colour code. See handout.
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Resistance (466) Depends on: Length, cross sectional area, material, and temperature. Resistance and Temperature
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Resistance and Thickness
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Capacitor (466) p.473 A capacitor is a storehouse of charge and energy that can be reclaimed when needed for a specific application. A capacitor is made up of two metal plates close to each other and separated by an insulating material called a dielectric.
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Capacitance (466) p.473-474 Capacitance: The ability of a conductor to store energy in the form of electrically separated charges Capacitance is the ratio of charge to potential difference
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Diodes (466) p.474 A diode is a small device when put in an electric circuit allows current to flow in one direction but not the other. Example: LED (Light Emitting Diodes)
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