1. Organic Chemistry Chapter 10: The Alkanes Part 01: Intro to Organic Chemistry

2. Organic chemistry Study of carbon-containing compounds Name comes from the belief that these compounds had to originate in living material

3. Organic chemistry 1828 – Friedrich Wohler German chemist Made an organic compound in laboratory from inorganic materials Urea (used by all mammals to excrete unused nitrogen from protein in foods) http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=BB9A9E5A-AC81-4327-A0AA-F6C32892D849&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

4. Organic chemistry NH 4 Cl(aq) + AgCNO(aq)  NH 4 CNO(aq) + AgCl(s) NH 4 CNO(aq)  NH 2 CONH 2 (aq) heat Molecular rearrangement

5. Organic chemistry More than 12,000,000 known organic compounds, both natural and man- made So many organic compounds because carbon is very unique.

6. Carbon Can form 1, 2, 3 or 4 bonds. Can form single, double or triple bonds Can bond with itself infinitely Can bond with many nonmetals (H, O, S, N, P & halogens) Forms extremely stable bonds Can form compounds of many geometries

7. Manufacturing organic compounds Most synthetic organic compounds are derived from the following: – Ethylene- toluene – Propylene- xylene – Butylene- methane – Benzene

8. Organic vs. Inorganic Compounds More numerous (>12,000,000) More complex Covalent bonding Low melting points Low boiling points Generally – Volatile/odorous – Flammable – Insoluble in water Slow reactions Side reactions common Less numerous Simple formulas Usually ionic High melting points High boiling points Generally – Nonvolatile – Nonflammable – Soluble in water Fast reactions Side reactions uncommon

9. Organic vs. Inorganic Compounds Acetylene ethanol Diethyl ether Acetone Formaldehyde Benzene Acetic acid Chalk Baking soda Lye Epsom salts Plaster of paris salt

10. Natural & Synthetic Organic Compounds Petroleum products Synthetic fibers Biopolymers Cleaning products Pharmaceuticals Agricultural chemicals Food products Refrigerants Fats and Oils Natural gasGasolinePetroleum Jelly Nylon PolyesterSpandex ProteinsNucleic AcidsSugarsStarches SoapsDetergents AspirinPenicillinInsulin DDT malathion MSGAspartame Sucralose Freons Sunflower OilOlive Oil