1. Ecosystems

2. Primary producers Sun

3. Ecosystems Primary consumers Secondary consumers Primary producers Sun

4. Ecosystems Primary consumers Secondary consumers Primary producers Sun heat

5. Ecosystems Detritus Primary consumers Secondary consumers Primary producers Sun

6. Ecosystems Detritus Primary consumers Secondary consumers Primary producers Sun

7. Ecosystems Microbes and other detritivores Detritus Primary consumers Secondary consumers Primary producers Sun

8. Detritus Ecosystems Primary producers Primary consumers Secondary consumers Microbes and other detritivores Sun

9. Detritus Ecosystems Primary producers Primary consumers Secondary consumers Microbes and other detritivores Sun

10. Primary production is the amount of light energy converted to chemical energy (organic compounds) during a given time period Ecosystems

11. Primary production is the amount of light energy converted to chemical energy (organic compounds) during a given time period. Ecosystems

12. Gross primary production (GPP) is the amount of light energy converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis per unit time. Ecosystems

13. Net primary production (NPP) is equal to GPP minus the energy used by the primary producers for respiration (R) NPP = GPP – R Ecosystems

14. Net primary production (NPP) is equal to GPP minus the energy used by the primary producers for respiration (R) NPP = GPP – R Ecosystems IMPORTANT

15. time Ecosystems dissolved oxygen Production can be determined by measuring oxygen production

16. time Ecosystems dissolved oxygen Initial oxygen level

17. time Ecosystems dissolved oxygen Change in oxygen level in the light

18. time Ecosystems dissolved oxygen NPP

19. time Ecosystems dissolved oxygen Change in oxygen level in the dark NPP

20. time Ecosystems dissolved oxygen Change in oxygen level in the dark NPP R

21. time Ecosystems dissolved oxygen Change in oxygen level in the dark GPP

22. GPP can be measured in: EnergyJ/m 2 /yr Biomass g/m 2 /yr Ecosystems

23. GPP can be measured in: EnergyJ/m 2 /yr Biomass g/m 2 /yr Biomass is dry weight and includes only new mass. Ecosystems

24. Limitations on primary production: Light Nutrients (N, P, Fe) Ecosystems

25. Limitations on primary production: Light Nutrients (N, P, Fe) Iron is important for cyanobacteria, and cyanobacteria fix nitrogen in the oceans Ecosystems

26. Limitations on primary production: Light Nutrients (N, P, Fe) Iron is important for cyanobacteria, and cyanobacteria fix nitrogen in the oceans. Eutrophication is overgrowth of algae in lakes and ponds. Ecosystems

27. Evapotranspiration is a measure of temperature and moisture Ecosystems

28. Evapotranspiration is a measure of temperature and moisture. Ecosystems NPP (g/m 2 /yr) Evapotranspiration (mm)

29. Production efficiency is a measure of energy transfer between trophic levels Ecosystems

30. Production efficiency is a measure of energy transfer between trophic levels net secondary production assimilation of primary production Ecosystems efficiency = -------------------------------

31. Production efficiency is a measure of energy transfer between trophic levels calories eaten calories stored Ecosystems efficiency = -------------------------------

32. Production efficiency is a measure of energy transfer between trophic levels calories eaten calories stored Usually less than 20% Ecosystems efficiency = -------------------------------

33. Production efficiency is a measure of energy transfer between trophic levels Ecosystems

34. Production efficiency is a measure of energy transfer between trophic levels Ecosystems

35. Production efficiency is a measure of energy transfer between trophic levels. Ecosystems

36. Pesticides get magnified as they travel up through trophic levels. Ecosystems

37. Pesticides get magnified as they travel up through trophic levels. Ecosystems

38. Pesticides get magnified as they travel up through trophic levels. Ecosystems

39. Pesticides get magnified as they travel up through trophic levels. Ecosystems

40. Pesticides get magnified as they travel up through trophic levels. Ecosystems

41. Biogeochemical cycles Ecosystems

42. Detritus Ecosystems Primary producers Primary consumers Secondary consumers Microbes and other detritivores Sun

43. Detritus Ecosystems Primary producers Primary consumers Secondary consumers Microbes and other detritivores

44. Detritus Ecosystems Primary producers Primary consumers Secondary consumers Microbes and other detritivores Abiotic reservoir Geologic processes

45. Important cycles: Water Carbon Nitrogen Phosphorus. Ecosystems

46. Math Review

47. rB > C

48. Math Review rB > C ΔN K - N ------- = rN (-----------) Δt K

49. Math Review rB > C ΔN K - N ------- = rN (-----------) Δt K NPP = GPP - R

50. Math Review rB > C net secondary production assimilation of primary production efficiency = -------------------------------------- ΔN K - N ------- = rN (-----------) Δt K NPP = GPP - R.