1. Chapter 3 Ancient Communities
Oklahoma History
Coach Freeman

2. Beringia: A “land bridge” created by the ice-age, thousands of years ago small groups walked from Asia to the Americas.

3. Prehistoric Human Society of Oklahoma:
I. Paleo-Indians 30,000-15,000 B.C.
II. Big-Game Hunters 25,000- 5,000 B.C.
III. Foragers 5,000 B.C.- 1 A.D.
IV. Early Farmers 1-1,000 A.D.
V. Golden Age of Prehistory
A. Plains Village Farmers
B. Caddon Mound Builders 1,

4. Paleo-Indians 1st people to the America’s
Hunted large animals with tools made of stone and bone
They slowly moved southward.
Following Herds of prehistoric animals…

5. Big Game Hunters: 25,000-5,000 B.C.
Refer to page 32

6. Foragers: 5,000 B.C. – 1 A.D. atlatl-
Descendents from the big-game hunters
No-longer followed animals
Instead hunted smaller area again and again
Summer and Spring camped along creeks and rivers.
Fall and Winter they lived in caves and under rock leges
Added nuts, berries, sunflower seeds, and roots from the forests
Forager Camps were found in the Ozarks, Calf Creek in Caddo Co., Near Kenton in the Panhandle.
Also left Petroglyphs which suggested their appreciation for art.

7. Early Farmers: 1-1,000 A.D.
Around the time of the Birth of Christ the Foragers became Farmers.
Native Americans now grew Corn, along with beans, pumpkins, and squash.
Foragers came out of the caves and rock ledges.
They built houses near by the crops.
Excavations near: The Red River and Maline Creek (LeFlore County) showed that they did not totally abandon their former lifestyle.
Pottery Helped with the preparing and storing of food: also made it easier to carry water…

8. Golden Age of Prehistory:
Plains Village Farmers:
Refer: pg. 35
Caddoan Mound Builders
Refer: pg. 36