1. Social Psychology

2. The Lunch Date Produced by Adam Davidson (1989)
(won the 1990 Oscar for best short film)

3. Social Thought Social Cognition Schemata
The collection and assessment of information about other people
Schemata
Primacy effect

4. Condition
“Friendly” Ratings
One-paragraph, friendly
95%
One-paragraph, unfriendly 3%
Two-paragraph, friendly-unfriendly
78%
Two-paragraph, unfriendly-friendly
18%

5. Social Thought Schemata Primacy effect Recency effect Stereotypes
A set of characteristics presumed to be shared by all members of a social category

6. Social Thought Attributions Internal/Dispositional
External/Situational

7. Kelley’s Covariation Model of Attribution
Consensus
Consistency
Distinctiveness

8. Attribution Errors Fundamental attribution error/Correspondence error
tendency to explain others’ behavior in terms of dispositional (internal) rather than situational (external) causes
Self-serving bias
tendency to take credit for positive behavior or outcomes by attributing them to internal causes, but to blame negative ones on external causes, especially on factors beyond our control

9. Attribution Errors Just World Hypothesis Halo effect
People get what they deserve
Halo effect
Good goes together…
Assumed similarity bias
Tendency to assume others are like self, even when meeting for first time

10. Attitudes
A relatively stable organization of beliefs, feelings, and behavior tendencies toward something or someone
Can be positive or negative
Affect behavior

11. Attitudes
Components of Attitudes
Beliefs
Feelings
Behavior tendencies

12. Actions can affect attitudes…
Foot-in-the-door effect
Door-in-the-face effect
Lowball procedure
That’s-not-all technique
Not-so-free sample technique

13. Cognitive Dissonance
Discomfort experienced when there is an obvious gap between our attitudes and our actions or between two attitudes

14. Boring Task (turning pegs)
Explain to next subject that it was interesting
Paid $20
Paid $1
“It was boring” = NO Attitude Change
“It was fun” = Attitude Change

16. Persuasion Any attempt to change an attitude, and ultimately, behavior
Source
Message
Medium
Audience

17. When Attitudes Go Bad… Prejudice Discrimination
Belief  negative stereotype
Feelings  strong, negative
Behavioral Tendencies  strong

18. Sources of Prejudice Frustration-aggression theory
Social conflict theory
Social learning theory
Information processing
Stereotypes

19. Social Influence
Attempts made by one or more people to change the attitudes or behavior of others
Obedience
A change of behavior in response to a command from an authority figure
Stanley Milgram

21. Relieved of personal responsibility
Signs of authority
Commands were gradual

22. Conformity
Voluntarily yielding to social norms, even at the expense of one’s own preferences
Asch’s conformity studies
35% conformity rate
Influential factors
Situational characteristics
Group size, unanimity
Nature of the task
Personal characteristics

23. Social Action Bystander Effect Diffusion of Responsibility
Mob behavior
Deindividuation
The more anonymous people feel in a group, the less responsible they feel as individuals