1. CHAPTER 9 INDIA (500 b.c.e – 500 c.e.)

3. MAURYAN EMPIRE

4. CHANDRAGUPTA First empire Efficient govt. Military expansion

5. PATALIPUTRA 18 sq. mi. Largest city

6. GOVT. Provinces, districts Secret police

7. MILITARY 700k men Expansion, power

8. ECONOMY Mining, manufacturing Infrastructure Foreign trade State-controlled Promote private investment

9. ASHOKA Grandson Most popular ruler Buddhism official religion ▫Expansion Religious toleration

10. MAURYAN DECLINE After Ashoka’s death Logistical issues ▫Large empire

11. GUPTA (320-500) Reunite India Cultural renaissance

12. GUPTA Politically, economically same as Mauryan Smaller land, bureaucracy Religious toleration ▫Hinduism favored ▫brahmans

13. ART/LITERATURE Love of life ▫Lovers embracing, musicians, dancers Golden age of lit. ▫Religious, philosophical, drama ▫Poetry, adventures ▫Thieves, courtesans, beasts ▫Kama Sutra”

14. SCIENCE Learning stimulus Buddhist university (Nalanda) ▫Foreigners 1-9, “zero” ▫Influences Math, astronomy ▫Cube roots, sines, factors

15. MEDICINE Hospitals – free Animals Sterilized wounds Cesarean operations Plastic surgery Known diseases, treatments: ▫Jaundice, abcess, tumor, diarrhea, fever Leprosy treatment ▫Unknown to west for centuries

16. BUDDHISM India Challenge Hinduism Nonviolence Major religion: Asia Siddhartha Guatama Monasticism

17. BELIEFS End rebirth: Nirvana Moral conduct and meditation Sorrow everywhere

18. 4 NOBLE TRUTHS 1.Suffering dominates 2.Why? 3.We can rid of suffering 4.Follow 8 fold path to Nirvana

20. JAINISM Challenged Hinduism India, 5 th century B.C. Mahavira

21. BELIEFS Ahimsa: nonviolence All things – jiva (soul) No meat and wine Hindu beliefs ▫Karma ▫Moksa Different path to pursue Moksa

22. BELIEFS Ultimate goal: ▫Renounce world ▫Wandering monk, nun

23. BELIEFS No meat and wine Fasting Five virtues: ▫Non-violence ▫Truth ▫Do not steal ▫Chastity ▫Worldly things

24. JAINISM Drastic beliefs