1. Pronoun Reference and Shift

2. When Mr. Shockey forwarded the funny YouTube clip about FOX News to Mr. Hudson, he laughed to himself and forwarded it to Mrs. McCanna.

3. Pronoun Reference and Shift When Mr. Shockey forwarded the funny YouTube clip about FOX News to Mr. Hudson, he laughed to himself and forwarded it to Mrs. McCanna. Who “laughed to himself”?

4. Pronoun Reference and Shift When Mr. Shockey forwarded the funny YouTube clip about FOX News to Mr. Hudson, he laughed to himself and forwarded it to Mrs. McCanna. Who “laughed to himself”? Mr. Shockey or Mr. Hudson?

5. Pronoun Reference and Shift When Mr. Shockey forwarded the funny YouTube clip about FOX News to Mr. Hudson, he laughed to himself and forwarded it to Mrs. McCanna. Who “laughed to himself”? Mr. Shockey or Mr. Hudson? Who is he?

6. Pronoun Reference and Shift Problem:A pronoun makes an ambiguous reference if it can refer to more than one antecedent.

7. Pronoun Reference and Shift Problem:A pronoun makes an ambiguous reference if it can refer to more than one antecedent. Solutions:(1) Replace the ambiguous pronoun with a noun (2) Revise the sentence entirely

8. Pronoun Reference and Shift When Mr. Shockey forwarded the funny YouTube clip about FOX News to Mr. Hudson, he Mr. Hudson laughed to himself and forwarded it to Mrs. McCanna.

9. Pronoun Reference and Shift When Mr. Shockey forwarded the funny YouTube clip about FOX News to Mr. Hudson, he Mr. Hudson laughed at the funny YouTube clip about FOX News from Mr. Shockey and forwarded it to Mrs. McCanna.

10. Pronoun Reference and Shift Ambiguous: When Sarah texted Elke about her homework, she was still at work at the Anthracite Museum.

11. Pronoun Reference and Shift Ambiguous: When Sarah texted Elke about her homework, she was still at work at the Anthracite Museum. Clear: Elke was still at work at the Anthracite Museum when she received a text about her homework from Sarah.

12. Pronoun Reference and Shift Ambiguous: When the NASCAR drivers waved to the crowd of toothless, intoxicated fans, they cheered with excitement for the opening of another season.

13. Pronoun Reference and Shift Ambiguous: When the NASCAR drivers waved to the crowd of toothless, intoxicated fans, they cheered with excitement for the opening of another season. Clear: The crowd of toothless, intoxicated fans cheered with excitement for the opening of another season when the NASCAR drivers waved to them.

14. Pronoun Reference and Shift Problem:If an antecedent is only implied or is vague, then the meaning of the sentence can be unclear. Solutions:(1) Replace the pronoun with an appropriate noun (2) Revise the sentence entirely

15. Pronoun Reference and Shift Vague: Recently they discovered a cure for American laziness; it’s called a job.

16. Pronoun Reference and Shift Vague: Recently they discovered a cure for American laziness; it’s called a job.

17. Pronoun Reference and Shift Vague: Recently they discovered a cure for American laziness; it’s called a job. Clear: Recently they doctors discovered a cure for American laziness; it’s called a job.

18. Pronoun Reference and Shift Vague: Let’s get a gelato at the ice cream shop next to Prince Street Café. It’s supposedly terrific!

19. Pronoun Reference and Shift Vague: Let’s get a gelato at the ice cream shop next to Prince Street Café. It’s supposedly terrific!

20. Pronoun Reference and Shift Vague: Let’s get a gelato at the ice cream shop next to Prince Street Café. It’s supposedly terrific! Clear: Let’s get a gelato at the ice cream shop next to Prince Street Café. I hear the flavors are terrific!

21. Pronoun Reference and Shift Vague: Mr. Sterner said that the bone test will be easy in Anatomy and Physiology, which surprised me.

22. Pronoun Reference and Shift Vague: Mr. Sterner said that the bone test will be easy in Anatomy and Physiology, which surprised me.

23. Pronoun Reference and Shift Vague: Mr. Sterner said that the bone test will be easy in Anatomy and Physiology, which surprised me. Clear: I was surprised when Mr. Sterner said that the bone test will be easy in Anatomy and Physiology.

24. Pronoun Reference and Shift Problem:Pronouns should not be used to refer to a possessive.

25. Pronoun Reference and Shift Problem:Pronouns should not be used to refer to a possessive. Error: In Michiko Kakutani’s “The Word Police,” she explores the irony of political correctness.

26. Pronoun Reference and Shift Problem:Pronouns should not be used to refer to a possessive. Error: In Michiko Kakutani’s “The Word Police,” she explores the irony of political correctness.

27. Pronoun Reference and Shift Problem:Pronouns should not be used to refer to a possessive. Solution: In Michiko Kakutani’s her article “The Word Police,” she Michiko Kakutani explores the irony of political correctness.

28. Pronoun Reference and Shift Problem:A sentence is unclear when there is an unexpected shift in number or person between a pronoun and its antecedent.

29. Pronoun Reference and Shift Problem:A sentence is unclear when there is an unexpected shift in number or person between a pronoun and its antecedent. Error shift: I told my friend how I hate my English class because you have to read every night.

30. Pronoun Reference and Shift Problem:A sentence is unclear when there is an unexpected shift in number or person between a pronoun and its antecedent. Error shift: I told my friend how I hate my English class because you have to read every night.

31. Pronoun Reference and Shift Problem:A sentence is unclear when there is an unexpected shift in number or person between a pronoun and its antecedent. Solution: I told my friend how I hate my English class because you I have to read every night.

32. Pronoun Reference and Shift Error shift: Whenever someone asks me about the grammar class I took with Mr. Marsh, I always tell them that it was hard but I learned a lot.

33. Pronoun Reference and Shift Error shift: Whenever someone asks me about the grammar class I took with Mr. Marsh, I always tell them that it was hard but I learned a lot.

34. Pronoun Reference and Shift Solution: Whenever someone asks me about the grammar class I took with Mr. Marsh, I always tell them him that it was hard but I learned a lot.

35. Pronoun Reference and Shift Solution: Whenever someone asks me about the grammar class I took with Mr. Marsh, I always tell them him her that it was hard but I learned a lot.

36. Pronoun Reference and Shift Solution: Whenever someone asks me about the grammar class I took with Mr. Marsh, I always tell them him her say that it was hard but I learned a lot.