1. The Dutch energy accounts Sjoerd Schenau Statistics Netherlands

2. Content Why energy accounting ? Short history and organisation Main components Dutch energy accounts: 1) energy flow accounts 2) asset accounts for oil and gas Other environmental accounts related to energy Main users Conclusions

3. Why energy accounts ? High policy demand for energy data Part of integrated framework  comparison macro-economic parameters, international comparibility etc. Link physical data with economic data: taxes, subsidies Indicators, analyses, input for modelling Produce data for National Accounts Compilation of air emission accounts

4. Short history… 1995-2000: Pilot projects for physical flow accounts and asset accounts 2004-2006: Development and implementation of energy flow accounts 2006-2007: Development and implementation of energy asset accounts 2008 onwards: regular compilation of energy flow and asset accounts

5. Organisation of the work Department of National accounts Environmental accounts: 5 fte (2009) Compilation of the energy accounts (flows and assets): 0,3 fte No surveys: integration of existing statistics and accounts

6. Energy flow accounts Supply and use of energy products by economic activities Both monetary and physical Residence principle Allocation of energy supply and use to ISIC

7. Integration of energy data Energy balances Simplified physical supply and use tables Monetary supply and use tables Price information Production accounts Energy accounts (physical and monetary) National Accounts

8. Bridge table (2006) PJ Final use (energy balances)2 750 Conversion losses (energy balances) 482 Total energy use in the Netherlands (energy balances)3 232 Use residents abroad (+) 166 Use non residents (-) 12 Bunkering Dutch companies in the Netherlands (+) 142 Total net energy use Dutch economy3 527 (net energy accounts)

9. Net energy consumption and GDP Index 1990 = 100 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 1990 1992 19941996199820002002 20042006 Net energy consumptionGDP

10. Energy intensity of industries Index 1990 = 100 AgricultureChemical sectorTransport ServicesDutch economy 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 19901995200020052007

11. Energy dependence on imports % 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 19901995200020052007

12. Energy dependence on imports for sectors % 0 20 40 60 80 100 Agriculture Manufacturing Electricity producers Building Transport Other services Households 19902007

13. Energy asset accounts Physical and monetary balances for oil and gas Opening stock, new discoveries, extraction, revaluation, closing stocks Data sources: 1) Report oil and gas in the Netherlands 2) National accounts

14. Volume and value of the assets for natural gas in the Netherlands ValueVolume Mln Sm 3 Bln euro 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 19901992 1994 1996 19982000 20022004 20062008 0 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500

15. Life time of the Dutch gas reserves years 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 1990199219941996199820002002200420062008

16. Other environmental accounts related to energy Environmental tax accounts Environmental subsidy accounts Environmental goods and services sector Air emission accounts

17. Taxes on energy Bln. euro 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 19901992 1994 199619982000200220042006 Current pricesConstant prices (1990)

18. Main users of the Dutch energy accounts Energy research centre of the Netherlands Netherlands environmental assessment agency Ministry of economic affairs Sustainability monitor (Statistics Netherlands and several research institutes) General public

19. Future developments Long time series (1950 – present) Renewable energy Input-output analyses

20. Conclusions Demand for energy accounts in the Netherlands Important indicators Once implemented the compilation takes relatively little time Collateral benefits: National accounts, air emissions