1. Today: Circulation and Respiration Exam 2 T 4/5 in class (bring cheat sheet) Take-home 2 due 4/5 in class

2. Sources of transported material

3. B-cells, T-cells, antibodies, nutrients, waste, O 2, CO 2, water, minerals, etc must be transported throughout the body Fig 42.17

4. Fig 42.6 B-cells, T- cells, antibodies, nutrients, waste, O 2, CO 2, water, minerals, etc must be transported throughout the body

5. Fig 42.6 Humans have two ciculatory circuits: pulmonary and systemic

6. Fig 42.10 Blood flows from arteries to capillaries to veins

7. Capillaries provide the large surface area required for these exchanges to take place.

8. Fig 42.11 Blood pressure changes as the blood moves from arteries to capillaries

9. Fig 42.16 This change in pressure causes fluid to leak out of the capillaries

10. High pressure, Fluid forced out Blood in vein, More viscous Interstitial fluid, Recovered by…

11. Fig 42.16 Not all of the fluid (~15%) is reabsorbed on the venous side. This interstitial fluid is collected by the lymphatic system.

12. Lymphatic system Fig 43.7

13. The lymphatic system collects interstitial fluid from the body and returns the fluid to the blood as the blood is reentering the heart Lymph vessel Fig 41.16

14. Fats and lipids move through the lymphatic system, which returns fluid to blood directly before heart Lymph vessel small intestine Fig 41.16

15. Fig 42.14 Because of the low pressure in veins and lymph vessels, movement of these fluids comes from skeletal muscles movements.

16. The human circulatory system is both open and closed Fig 42.3

17. The human circulatory system is both open and closed

18. Fig 42.3

19. Nutrients, Waste, O 2, CO 2, Water, Minerals, etc must be transported throughout the body

20. CO 2 + H 2 OC 6 H 12 0 6 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O C 6 H 12 0 6 + O 2 light sugar Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration ATP energy ADP

21. Nutrients, Waste, O 2, CO 2, Water, Minerals, etc must be transported throughout the body

22. Fig 42.28 Gases move by diffusion: Only from high to low concentration

23. hemoglobin Hb is carried inside red blood cells Hemoglobin (a protein) carries oxygen in the blood

24. Fig 42.24 The Respiratory System: large surface area to maximize gas exchange ~100m2 in humans

25. Fig 42.24 Gas exchange occurs in alveoli

26. In the lungs, O 2 diffuses into the blood, and CO 2 diffuses out into the lungs.

27. How is oxygen delivered to where it is needed?

28. By adjusting blood flow… Fig 42.15

29. Fig 42.30 By changes in blood pH

30. Cell Blood Lung CO 2 O2O2 Cellular Respiration Hb in RBC CO 2 O2O2 Hb in RBC Low CO 2 High O 2 Fig 42.30 O2O2 O2O2

31. Cell Blood Lung CO 2 O2O2 Cellular Respiration Hb in RBC CO 2 O2O2 Hb in RBC Low CO 2 High O 2 CO 2 +H 2 O =H 2 CO 3 (carbonic acid) (less carbonic acid) Fig 42.30 O2O2 O2O2

32. Fig 42.29b Changes in blood pH, change binding affinity of hemoglobin

33. Cell Blood Lung CO 2 O2O2 Cellular Respiration Hb releases O 2 at lower pH CO 2 O2 Hb can bind O 2 Low CO 2 High O 2 CO 2 +H 2 O =H 2 CO 3 (carbonic acid) (less carbonic acid) Fig 42.30 O2O2 O2O2

34. Exam 2 T 4/5 in class (bring cheat sheet) Take-home 2 due 4/5 in class