1. Challenges to the New Government
Chapter 9
Section 2

2. 9-2 Objectives
You will:
1. Explain why Washington wanted to secure the Trans- Appalachian West
2. Analyze the causes and outcome of The Battle of Fallen Timbers

3. 9-2 Objectives You will: 3. Identify the reasons for the Whiskey
Rebellion.
4. Explain how Washington maintained
U.S. neutrality

4. Issues Faced by Washington as President
1. Problems in the West
competing claims on the land
2. Native American resistance to
white settlements in the Northwest Territory
Battle of Fallen Timbers

5. Issues Faced by Washington as President
3. The Whiskey Rebellion
4. French Revolution
Reign of Terror

6. AGREEMENTS Jay’s Treaty Treaty of Greenville Pinckney Treaty
Neutrality Proclamation

7. Problems in the West
Washington faces problems in the Trans-Appalachian West
(land between the Appalachian Mnt. & Mississippi River)

8. Problems in the West
The source of the trouble was competing claims on the land
At one time Spain, England, Native Americans, & the United States claimed the land
Spain claimed Florida & the port of New Orleans

9. Problems in the West For American western settlers the port
of New Orleans was key to trade
Spanish threats to close the port of New Orleans was taken very seriously by
the American settlers

10. Problems in the West
Spain caused trouble between the settlers & Native Americans in the Southeast
Strongest resistance by NA to white settlement was in the Northwest Territory

11. Problems in the West Native Americans in the NW Territory
hoped to join together to form an
Independent NA nation
The British (in the Ohio R. Valley)
supported the Native Americans.
muskets & gunpowder provided by British

12. Problems in the West Settlers pour into Northwest Territory in 1790s
Newcomers ignored treaties U.S. signed with Indians of that region

13. Problems in the West Natives respond by attacking settlers
Settlers strike back / some time against wrong group

14. Problems in the West
1790 Miamis led by Little Turtle joined other tribes & drive settlers out of area

15. Problems in the West
George Washington believed the NW territory was critical to U.S. security
Washington sent troops headed by General Arthur St. Clair into the Ohio Valley

16. Native Americans defeat Gen. St. Clair
Washington then appoints General (Mad
Anthony) Wayne

17. 1794 Gen. Wayne defeats NA led by Blue Jacket at Battle of Fallen Timbers

18. 1795 Miamis & 11 other tribes sign Treaty of Greenville NA give up land
that later becomes southern Ohio

19. The Whiskey Rebellion
Conflict arose over the government’s tax on whiskey
Backcountry farmers resisted the tax

20. The Whiskey Rebellion
Crops such as corn wheat & rye were more easily carried to market in liquid form
Horse could carry 2 bushels of rye or 2 barrels of whiskey

21. The Whiskey Rebellion
Two barrels = 24 bushels

22. The Whiskey Rebellion
Farmers used whiskey as money to get the supplies they needed

23. The Whiskey Rebellion Summer of 1794
Farmers in western Pennsylvania stage a The Whiskey Rebellion against the tax

24. The Whiskey Rebellion
Beat up a tax collector (Neville) coated him with tar & feathers

25. The Whiskey Rebellion Farmers threatened an armed attack on Pittsburgh
Washington was prepared to crush the rebellion

26. The Whiskey Rebellion October 1794
General William Henry Lee along w/ Hamilton led 13,000 troops into Western Pa
The Rebels fled

27. OLIVER MILLER HOMESTEAD South Park

28. Map of Whiskey Rebellion site

30. The Whiskey Rebellion
Washington had showed that the government had the power & the will to enforce its laws

31. French Revolution July 14,1789
attack on French prison “The Bastille” starts French Revolution
Many Americans felt the U.S. should support Lafayette a leading French reformer

32. Reign of Terror 1793 – Louis XVI is beheaded & family
during the Reign of Terror tens of thousands of French citizens were executed
The violence divides opinions in U.S.

33. Neutrality Proclamation
Nobles in Europe fear spread of revolution
Britain, Austria, Prussia, the Netherlands, & Spain sent armies to overpower revolutionaries
Threatens to draw U.S. into the war

34. Neutrality Proclamation
President Washington issues the Neutrality Proclamation
it stated that the U.S. would not support either side in the war
said no Americans could help either side

35. Neutrality Proclamation
British began seizing the cargos of U.S. ships carrying goods from French West Indies

36. Neutrality Proclamation
Washington sends John Jay for talks on seizing ships
Also to persuade Britain to give up forts on the Northwest frontier

37. Neutrality Proclamation
Washington sent Chief Justice John Jay to England for talks about seizures of U.S. ships
Jay also hoped to persuade the British to give up the forts on the Northwest frontier

38. Neutrality Proclamation
After the Battle of Fallen Timber the British agreed to leave the Ohio Valley by 1796
British signed Jay’s Treaty
British agreed to pay for damage to
ships they seized

39. Neutrality Proclamation
Jay’s Treaty was unpopular because it did not open British West Indies trade to Americans

40. Pinckney Treaty Thomas Pinckney Reduced tensions on the frontier
Spain gave U.S. rights to travel freely on the Mississippi River

41. Pinckney Treaty
Gave Americans the right to store goods at the port of New Orleans w/o paying customs duties
Spain accepted the 31st parallel as the
northern border of Florida & southern
Boundary of the U.S.

42. Farewell Address
1796 Washington announced he would retire in his Farewell Address
urged U.S. to avoid becoming involved in European affairs to stay neutral
also said to avoid political parties

43. What 4 critical decisions did President Washington make?
Decision/Results 1.

44. 2. 3.

45. 4.

46. Explain Treaties Jay’s Treaty Treaty of Greenville Pinckney Treaty
Neutrality Proclamation